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An analysis on the suppression of NO and PGE2 by diphenylheptane A and its effect on glycerophospholipids of lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells with UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS

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Abstract

Diarylheptanoid A, 5-hydroxy-7-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-3-heptanone, is a naturally occurring phytochemical ingredient isolated from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum. In order to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of diphenylheptane A, we investigated its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as upstream genes, including the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Our results have proved the anti-inflammatory property of diphenylheptane A. Based on this finding, an LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammatory model was introduced to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity associated with glycerophospholipid (GPL) metabolism regulated by diphenylheptane A. We applied ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-quadruple time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS) to the metabolic profiling of GPL synthesis in LPS-stimulated macrophages with the aim of identifying differentially synthesized GPL metabolites. Sixteen GPL metabolites, whose changes were restored to normal level after diphenylheptane A treatment, were further screened to be considered as useful biomarkers of inflammation. Overall, our study revealed for the first time that diphenylheptane A reestablished the production of 16 plasma membrane GPLs to basal level in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, suggesting the potential therapeutic property of phytochemical compounds against inflammatory diseases.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 21275036 and 81202429).

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  1. Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China

    Yuqi She, Qifan Zheng, Xuerong Xiao, Xia Wu & Yifan Feng

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  1. Yuqi She
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Correspondence to Xia Wu or Yifan Feng.

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This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 21275036 and 81202429).

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She, Y., Zheng, Q., Xiao, X. et al. An analysis on the suppression of NO and PGE2 by diphenylheptane A and its effect on glycerophospholipids of lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells with UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 408, 3185–3201 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9383-5

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