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Methamphetamine addiction: involvement of CREB and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways

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Abstract

Rationale and objectives

Addiction to psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) remains a major public health problem in the world. Animal models that use METH self-administration incorporate many features of human drug-taking behavior and are very helpful in elucidating mechanisms underlying METH addiction. These models are also helping to decipher the neurobiological substrates of associated neuropsychiatric complications. This review summarizes our work on the influence of METH self-administration on dopamine systems, transcription and immune responses in the brain.

Methods

We used the rat model of METH self-administration with extended access (15 h/day for eight consecutive days) to investigate the effects of voluntary METH intake on the markers of dopamine system integrity and changes in gene expression observed in the brain at 2 h–1 month after cessation of drug exposure.

Results

Extended access to METH self-administration caused changes in the rat brain that are consistent with clinical findings reported in neuroimaging and postmortem studies of human METH addicts. In addition, gene expression studies using striatal tissues from METH self-administering rats revealed increased expression of genes involved in cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway and in the activation of neuroinflammatory response in the brain.

Conclusion

These data show an association of METH exposure with activation of neuroplastic and neuroinflammatory cascades in the brain. The neuroplastic changes may be involved in promoting METH addiction. Neuroinflammatory processes in the striatum may underlie cognitive deficits, depression, and parkinsonism reported in METH addicts. Therapeutic approaches that include suppression of neuroinflammation may be beneficial to addicted patients.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, DHHS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, DHHS, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA

    Irina N. Krasnova & Jean Lud Cadet

  2. Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, DHHS, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA

    Zuzana Justinova

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  1. Irina N. Krasnova
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  2. Zuzana Justinova
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Correspondence to Irina N. Krasnova or Jean Lud Cadet.

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Krasnova, I.N., Justinova, Z. & Cadet, J.L. Methamphetamine addiction: involvement of CREB and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways. Psychopharmacology 233, 1945–1962 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4235-8

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