Abstract
The bacterioplankton diversity of coastal waters along a latitudinal gradient between Puerto Rico and Argentina was analyzed using a total of 134,197 high-quality sequences from the V6 hypervariable region of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA) (mean length of 60 nt). Most of the OTUs were identified into Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria, corresponding to approx. 80% of the total number of sequences. The number of OTUs corresponding to species varied between 937 and 1946 in the seven locations. Proteobacteria appeared at high frequency in the seven locations. An enrichment of Cyanobacteria was observed in Puerto Rico, whereas an enrichment of Bacteroidetes was detected in the Argentinian shelf and Uruguayan coastal lagoons. The highest number of sequences of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were obtained in the Amazon estuary mouth. The rarefaction curves and Good coverage estimator for species diversity suggested a significant coverage, with values ranging between 92 and 97% for Good coverage. Conserved taxa corresponded to aprox. 52% of all sequences. This study suggests that human-contaminated environments may influence bacterioplankton diversity.
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Acknowledgments
Tag sequencing was kindly provided by MBL-WHOI, based on a Keck Foundation grant to M. Sogin & L. Amaral-Zetler. This is a contribution of the Latin American and Caribbean network (LACar-ICoMM) to the International Census of Marine Microbes (ICoMM). Also thanks to NOAA Grant (NA06NOS4780190) for providing support to E. Otero (Puerto Rico) in the form of materials and travel. Thanks are due to the CPAq-IEPA team for its technical and logistical support in conducting the sampling and chemical analysis in the Amazon estuary, funded by the GERCO program (State of Amapa, Brazil). Thanks are due to the French EC2CO CARBAMA program conducted by G. Abril that supported L.F. Artigas and to J. Chicheportiche for help in bacterial and chlorophyll analysis. FLT thanks CNPq, FAPERJ, and IFS for grants. TB thanks CNPq for a PhD scholarship. Guanabara Bay Microbial Observatory and sampling funded by CNPq, and AG thank CNPq for her post-doc grant. We also thank PEDECIBA in Uruguay for supporting the sampling.
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
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Thompson, F.L., Bruce, T., Gonzalez, A. et al. Coastal bacterioplankton community diversity along a latitudinal gradient in Latin America by means of V6 tag pyrosequencing. Arch Microbiol 193, 105–114 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-010-0644-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-010-0644-y