Abstract
In a previously published work, performances of three practical earthing systems consists of 2, 3 and 4 rod-bed electrodes buried at the same site, thus the same soil resistivity were investigated. It was found that the degree of reduction of the earth resistance values is the highest in the poor earthing systems (2 rod electrodes). The non-linearity effect or the reduction of earth resistance values as the currents were increased was also observed in previous study. However, in that study, the effects of the soil resistivity on the performance of earthing systems were not observed. This paper is a continuation of previously published paper where the detailed investigations of the soil ionisation in earthing systems under high impulse conditions for different soil resistivity values are presented. Similar configurations of earthing systems of 2, 3 and 4 rod-bed as in were used in each site, and combined grid-multiple rods where the results have been presented before were used for the purpose of comparison.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mohamad Nor N, Abdullah S, Rajab R, Ramar K (2013) Field tests: performances of practical earthing systems under lightning impulses. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 45(1):223–228
Mohamad Nor N, Abdullah S, Rajab R, Ramar K (2012) Comparison between utility sub-station and imitative earthing systems when subjected under lightning response. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 43(1):156–161
Mohamad Nor N, Srisakot S, Griffiths H, Haddad A (2000) Characterisation of soil ionisation under fast impulse. In: 25th international conference on lightning protection, Rhodes (Greece), 18–22 September, 2000, pp 417–422
Petropoulos GM (1948) The high-voltage characteristics of earth resistances. J IEE part 11 95:172–174
Loboda M, Scuka V (1996) On the transient characteristics of electrical discharges and ionization processes in soil. In: 23rd international conference on lightning protection proceedings (Firenze, Italy), 23–27, pp 539–544
Cabrera M VM, Lundquist S, Cooray V (1993) On the physical properties of discharges in sand under lightning impulses. J Electrost 30(40):17–28
Velazquez R, Mukhedkar D (1984) Analytical modelling of grounding electrodes transient behaviour. IEEE Trans Power Appar Syst PAS 103(6):1314–1322
Sekioka S, Hayashida H, Hara T, Ametani A (1998) Measurement of grounding resistance for high impulse currents. IEE Proc Gener Transm Distrib 145:693–699
Takeuchi M, Yasuda Y, Fukuzono H (1998) Impulse characteristics of a 500 kV transmission tower footing base with various grounding electrodes. In: 24th international conference on lightning protection, Birmingham (UK), 14–18, pp 513–517
Morimoto A, Hayashida H, Sekioka S, Isokawa M, Hiyama T, Mori H (1997) Development of weatherproof mobile impulse voltage generator and its application to experiments on nonlinearity of grounding resistance. Trans Inst Electr Eng Japan 117(5):22–33 (in English)
Stojkovic Z, Savic MS, Nahman JM, Salamon D, Bukorovic B (1998) Sensitivity analysis of experimentally determined grounding grid impulse characteristics. IEEE Trans Power Appar Syst PAS 13(4):1136–1141
Ramamoorty M, Babu Narayanan MM, Parameswaran S, Mukhedkar D (1989) Transient performance of grounding grids. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 4(4):2053–2059
ANSI/IEEE Std 81-1983, IEEE guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance, and earth surface potentials of a ground system
ANSI/IEEE Std 80-2000, IEEE guide for safety in AC substation grounding
Gonos IF, Stathopulos IA (2005) Estimation of multilayer soil parameters using genetic algorithms. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 20(1):100–106
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Telekom Malaysia Research and Development (TMR&D) for their financial support in this project, with project number of MMUE 130160.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abdullah, S., Nor, N.M. & Ramar, K. Field measurements on earthing systems of different soil resistivity values under high impulse conditions. Electr Eng 99, 1005–1011 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-016-0469-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-016-0469-z