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Cerebrospinal fluid pentraxin 3 early after subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with vasospasm

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a prototypic long pentraxin protein induced by proinflammatory signals, in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and its relation with SAH-associated vasospasm.

Methods

Serial plasma and CSF samples were collected from 38 consecutive SAH patients admitted to the Neurosurgical Intensive Care. PTX3 concentrations were analyzed in relation to clinical status and clinical vasospasm (defined as neuro-worsening and angiographic confirmation of vessel narrowing). Since neutrophils are an important source of preformed PTX3, myeloperoxidase (MPO) in CSF was measured to assess the correlation with CSF PTX3 and establish whether blood contamination was the determinant of PTX3 increase.

Results

PTX3 was elevated in all SAH patients both in plasma and CSF. Acute peak (first 48 h after SAH) CSF PTX3 was significantly higher in patients who later developed vasospasm [median 13.6 (range 2.3–51.9) ng/ml] compared to those who did not [3.2 (0.1–50.5) ng/ml, p = 0.03]. The temporal pattern of CSF PTX3 in patients with vasospasm was triphasic with a peak during the first 48 h after SAH, a subsequent decrease in the following 48–96 h and a secondary significant increase with the occurrence of vasospasm. A loose correlation between CSF PTX3 and MPO was observed (r 2 = 0.13), indicating that following SAH there is a brain production of PTX3.

Conclusions

Acute increased concentrations of PTX3 in CSF but not in plasma are related to the occurrence of vasospasm, indicating that measurement of CSF PTX3 associated with the clinical evaluation can improve early diagnosis of this complication.

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Acknowledgments

The Human MPO test kit was kindly provided by Hycult Biotechnology (The Netherlands). We acknowledge valuable suggestions of Dr. Vincenzo Branca and Dr. Simona Cavallo. We thank our students and nurses who participated in the study and in the care of the patients enrolled.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Inflammation and Nervous System Diseases, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, via Giuseppe La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy

    Elisa R. Zanier, Mauro Tettamanti & Maria Grazia De Simoni

  2. Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Elisa R. Zanier, Giovanna Brandi, Luca Longhi, Tommaso Zoerle, Anna Sigurtà & Nino Stocchetti

  3. Istituto Clinico Humanitas, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

    Giuseppe Peri, Cecilia Garlanda, Serenella Valaperta & Alberto Mantovani

  4. Department of Translational Medicine, Milan University, Milan, Italy

    Alberto Mantovani

Authors
  1. Elisa R. Zanier
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  2. Giovanna Brandi
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  3. Giuseppe Peri
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  4. Luca Longhi
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  7. Cecilia Garlanda
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  10. Alberto Mantovani
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  11. Maria Grazia De Simoni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maria Grazia De Simoni.

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Zanier, E.R., Brandi, G., Peri, G. et al. Cerebrospinal fluid pentraxin 3 early after subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with vasospasm. Intensive Care Med 37, 302–309 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-010-2075-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-010-2075-2

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