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A Review on Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD): Sources, Occurrence, Toxicity and Transformation

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Abstract

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) is a persistent organic pollutant listed in Annex A and C of the Stockholm Convention. This review summarized the sources, occurrence, toxicity, and transformation of HCBD in the environment. HCBD had no natural sources, and anthropogenic sources made it frequently detected in environmental medium, generally at µg L− 1 and µg kg− 1 in water and soil (or organism) samples, respectively. HCBD posed reproductive, genetic, and potentially carcinogenic toxicity to organisms, threatening human health and the ecosystem. Upon biodegradation, photodegradation and physicochemical degradation processes, HCBD can be degraded to a different extent. Nevertheless, further studies should be focused on the potential emission sources and the impact of HCBD on human health and the environment. Additionally, exploring removal technologies based on advanced oxidation and reduction are recommended.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB45900) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21577178).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Qingqing Kong, Yu Wang & Xin Yang

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  1. Qingqing Kong
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  2. Yu Wang
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  3. Xin Yang
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Correspondence to Xin Yang.

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Kong, Q., Wang, Y. & Yang, X. A Review on Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD): Sources, Occurrence, Toxicity and Transformation. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 104, 1–7 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-019-02744-5

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