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Distribution of platinum-group elements in magmatic and altered ores in the Jinchuan intrusion, China: an example of selenium remobilization by postmagmatic fluids

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Abstract

The division of platinum-group elements (PGE) between those hosted in platinum-group minerals (PGM) versus those in solid solution in base metal sulfides (BMS) has been determined for ores from the PGE-bearing Ni-Cu-rich Jinchuan intrusion in northwest China. All the BMS are devoid of Pt and Ir, and magmatic BMS are also barren of Rh. These PGE may have been scavenged by arsenic to form PGM during magmatic crystallization of the BMS. Pd, Os, and Ru are recorded in BMS and Pd is predominantly in solid solution in pentlandite. Unlike the fresh magmatic ores, in altered or serpentinized ores, Pd-PGM are present. Froodite is hosted in magnetite, formed during alteration of BMS, accompanied by sulfur loss and liberation of Pd. Michenerite ([Pd,Pt]BiTe), sperrylite (PtAs2), and Au-bearing PGM are located in altered silicates. Irarsite (IrAsS) occurs mainly enclosed in BMS. Padmaite (PdBiSe), identified at the junctions of magnetite and BMS, was the last PGM to form and locally partially replaces earlier non-Se-bearing PGM. We propose that padmaite formed under oxidizing conditions during late local remobilization of Se from the BMS. Se-bearing PGM are rare and our review shows they are frequently associated with carbonate, suggesting that Pd and Se can be mobilized great distances in low pH oxidizing fluids and may be precipitated on contact with carbonate. S/Se ratios are used by researchers of magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE ores to determine sulfur loss, assuming Se is immobile and representative of magmatic sulfur content. This study shows that Se as well as S is potentially mobile and this should be considered in the use of S/Se ratios.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank two referees Drs Belinda Godel and Louis Cabri and editors Chusi Li and Patrick Williams for their constructive comments on the paper. Field work was partially supported by a NSFC grant No. 40972060.

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  1. School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK

    Hazel M. Prichard, Robert D. Knight, Peter C. Fisher & Iain McDonald

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Mei-Fu Zhou

  3. Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Christina Y. Wang

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  1. Hazel M. Prichard
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Correspondence to Hazel M. Prichard.

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Prichard, H.M., Knight, R.D., Fisher, P.C. et al. Distribution of platinum-group elements in magmatic and altered ores in the Jinchuan intrusion, China: an example of selenium remobilization by postmagmatic fluids. Miner Deposita 48, 767–786 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-013-0454-7

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