Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of elite commercial cotton varieties. Twenty two varieties belonging to Gossypium hirsutum L. and one to G. arboreum L. were analyzed with 50 random decamer primers using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty nine primers detected polymorphism in all 23 cotton varieties, while one produced monomorphic amplification profiles. A total of 349 bands were amplified, 89.1% of which were polymorphic. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) showed that 17 varieties can be placed in two groups with a similarity ranging from 81.51% to 93.41%. G. hirsutum L. varieties S-12, V3 and MNH-93 showed a similarity of 78.12, 74.46 and 69.56% respectively with rest of the varieties. One variety, CIM-1100, showed 57.02% similarity and was quite distinct. The diploid cotton G. arboreum L. var. Ravi was also very distinct from rest of its tetraploid counterparts and showed only 55.7% similarity. The analysis revealed that the intervarietal genetic relationships of several varieties is related to their center of origin. As expected, most of the varieties have a narrow genetic base. The results obtained can be used for the selection of possible parents to generate a mapping population. The results also reveal the genetic relationship of elite commercial cotton varieties with some standard “Coker” varieties and the diploid G. arboreum L. var. Ravi (old world cotton).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brubaker CL, Wendel JF (1994) Re-evaluating the origin of domesticated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum; Malvaceae) using nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Am J Bot 81:1309–1326
Chandrashekhar PJ, Nguyen HT (1993) Application of the random amplified polymorphic DNA technique for the detection of polymorphisms among wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats. Theor Appl Genet 36:602–609
Demeke T, Adams RP, Chibbar R (1992) Potential taxonomic use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD): a case study in Brassica. Theor Appl Genet 84:990–994
Dos Santos JB, Nienhuis J, Skorch PW, Tivang J, Slocum MK (1994) Comparison of RAPD and RFLP genetic markers in detecting genetic similarity among Brassica oleracea L. genotypes. Theor Appl Genet 87:909–915
Gepts P (1993) The use of molecular and biochemical markers in crop-evaluation studies. In: Hecht MK (ed) Evolutionary biology, vol 27. Plenum Press, New York, pp 51–94
Hallden C, Nilsson NO, Rading TM, Sall T (1994) Evaluation of RFLP and RAPD markers in a comparison of Brassica napus breeding lines. Theor Appl Genet 88:123–128
Howel EC, Newbury HJ, Swennen RL, Withers LA, Ford-Lloyd BV (1994) The use of RAPD for identifying and classifying Musa germ plasm. Genome 37:328–332
Hu J, Quiros LF (1991) Identification of broccoli and cauliflower cultivars with RAPD markers. Plant Cell Rep 10:505–511
Iqbal MJ, Rayburn AL (1994) Stability of RAPD markers for determining cultivar-specific DNA profiles in rye (Secale cereale L.). Euphytica 75:215–220
Jain A, Bhatia S, Banga SS, Prakash S, Lakshmikumaran M (1994) Potential use of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to study the genetic diversity in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) and its relationship to heterosis. Theor Appl Genet 88:116–122
Kaemmer D, Afza R, Weising K, Kahl G, Novak FJ (1992) Oligonucleotide and amplification fingerprinting of wild species and cultivars of banana (Musa spp.). Biotechnology 10:1030–1035
Lee JA (1984) Cotton as a world crop. In: Kohel RJ, Leuics CL (eds) Cotton Agronomy Monograph No. 24. Crop Science Society of America, Madison, Wisonsin, pp 1–25
Mackill DJ (1995) Classifying japonica rice cultivars with RAPD markers. Crop Sci 35:889–894
Melchinger AE, Messmer MM, Lee M, Woodman WL, Lamkey KR (1991) Diversity and relationships among U.S. maize inbreds revealed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Crop Sci 31:669–678
Multani, DS, Lyon BR (1995) Genetic fingerprinting of Australian cotton cultivars with RAPD markers. Genome 38:1005–1008
Nei N, Li W (1979) Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 76:5269–5273
Orozco-Castillo C, Chalmers KJ, Waugh R, Powell W (1994) Detection of genetic diversity and selective gene introgression in coffee using RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 87:934–940
Tanksley SD, Young ND, Paterson AH, Bonierbale MW (1989) RFLP mapping in plant breeding: new tools for an old science. Biotechnology 7:257–264
Tatineni V, Cantrell RG, Davis DD (1996) Genetic diversity in elite cotton germ plasm determined by morphological characteristics and RAPD. Crop Sci 36:186–192
Vierling RA, Nguyen HT (1992) Use of RAPD markers to determine the genetic diversity of diploid wheat genotypes. Theor Appl Genet 84:835–838
Wendel JF, Brubaker CL, Percival AE (1992) Genetic diversity in Gossypium hirsutum and the origin of upland cotton. Am J Bot 79:1291–1310
Williams CE, St-Clair DA (1993) Phenetic relationships and levels of variability detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism and random amplified DNA analysis of cultivated and wild accessions of Lycopersicon esculentum. Genome 36:619–630
Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Levak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990) DNA polymorphism amplification by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 18:6531–6535
Yang X, Quiros CF (1995) Construction of a genetic linkage map in celery using DNA-based markers. Genome 38:36–44
Yu KF, Pauls KP (1993) Rapid estimation of genetic relatedness among heterogeneous populations of alfalfa by random amplification of bulked genomic DNA samples. Theor Appl Genet 86:788–794
Yu LX, Nguyen HT (1994) Genetic variation detected with RAPD markers among upland and lowland rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 87:668–672
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by H. F. Linskens
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iqbal, M.J., Aziz, N., Saeed, N.A. et al. Genetic diversity evaluation of some elite cotton varieties by RAPD analysis. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 94, 139–144 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050392
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050392