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QTL involved in the modification of cyanidin compounds in black and red raspberry fruit

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Abstract

Fruit from Rubus species are highly valued for their flavor and nutritive qualities. Anthocyanin content contributes to these qualities, and although many studies have been conducted to identify and quantify the major anthocyanin compounds from various Rubus species, the genetic control of the accumulation of these complex traits in Rubus is not yet well understood. The identification of the regions of the genome involved in the production of anthocyanins is an important first step in identifying the genes underlying their expression. In this study, ultra and high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC and HPLC) and two newly developed Rubus linkage maps were used to conduct QTL analyses to explore the presence of associations between concentrations of five anthocyanins in fruit and genotype. In total, 27 QTL were identified on the Rubus linkage maps, four of which are associated with molecular markers designed from transcription factors and three of which are associated with molecular markers designed from anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway candidate genes. The results of this study suggest that, while QTL for anthocyanin accumulation have been identified on six of seven Rubus linkage groups (RLG), the QTL on RLG2 and RLG7 may be very important for genetic control of cyanidin modification in Rubus.

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Acknowledgments

This work was completed as part of a Ph.D. thesis and supported in part by the PFR Excellence Program (JMB) and the “New Berries” FRST Programme (CO6XO807) (EJB). The authors would like to thank Andrew McLachlan (PFR) for help with the statistics; Peter Alspach (PFR) for help with the epistasis analysis; the Editor and three anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions on the original manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. J. M. Bushakra

    Present address: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Road, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA

  2. C. Krieger

    Present address: Ecole National Supérieure d’Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye BP 172, 54505, Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (PFR), Batchelar Road, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    J. M. Bushakra, C. Krieger, T. McGhie, D. Chagné, E. J. Buck & S. E. Gardiner

  2. Massey University, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand

    J. M. Bushakra & V. V. Symonds

  3. PFR, East Street, Private Bag 3230, Hamilton, 3214, New Zealand

    D. Deng & D. Stevenson

  4. PFR, Old Mill Road, RD3, Motueka, 7198, New Zealand

    M. J. Stephens

  5. PFR, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand

    A. C. Allan & R. Storey

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  1. J. M. Bushakra
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Correspondence to D. Chagné.

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Communicated by H. Nybom.

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Bushakra, J.M., Krieger, C., Deng, D. et al. QTL involved in the modification of cyanidin compounds in black and red raspberry fruit. Theor Appl Genet 126, 847–865 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-012-2022-4

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