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Fetale Lungenentwicklung in der MRT

Normaler Verlauf und Beeinträchtigung durch vorzeitigen Blasensprung

Fetal lung development on MRI

Normal course and impairment due to premature rupture of membranes

  • Fetale MRT
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Zusammenfassung

Die fetale Lungenentwicklung wird einerseits durch eine Vielzahl molekularer Faktoren und andererseits durch mechanisch-physiologische Kräfte beeinflusst. Ein geordnetes Zusammenspiel dieser Mechanismen führt zu einem ausreichend großen und strukturell reifen Organ, das sofort nach der Geburt das Überleben des Neugeborenen sicherstellt. Neben der pränatalen Ultraschalluntersuchung bietet nun auch die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) die Möglichkeit, die normale und pathologische fetale Lungenentwicklung zu untersuchen. Ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor für eine Beeinträchtigung der Lungenentwicklung ist die verminderte Fruchtwassermenge nach vorzeitigem Blasensprung. In diesen Fällen kann die MR-Volumetrie dazu eingesetzt werden, die Größe der fetalen Lungen relativ genau zu bestimmen. Gemeinsam mit der Beurteilung der MR-Signalintensitäten des Lungengewebes auf T2-gewichteten Sequenzen können Feten mit hypoplastischen Lungen mit zunehmender Sicherheit bereits pränatal identifiziert werden.

Abstract

A well-organized interplay between many molecular factors as well as mechanical forces influence fetal lung development. At the end of this complex process a sufficiently sized and structurally mature organ should ensure the postnatal survival of the newborn. Besides prenatal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can now be used to investigate normal and pathological human lung growth in utero. Oligohydramnios, due to premature rupture of membranes (PROM), is an important risk factor for compromised fetal lung growth. In these situations MR volumetry can be used to measure the size of the fetal lung quite accurately. Together with the evaluation of lung signal intensities on T2-weighted sequences, fetuses with pulmonary hypoplasia can be readily detected.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Radiodiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Wien

    G. Kasprian, C. Balassy & D. Prayer

  2. Arbeitsgruppe Integrative Morphologie, Zentrum für Anatomie und Zellbiologie der Medizinischen Universität Wien

    G. Kasprian & P. C. Brugger

  3. Klinik für Frauenheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Wien

    H. Helmer & M. Langer

  4. Klinik für Radiodiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A-1090, Wien, Österreich

    G. Kasprian

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  1. G. Kasprian
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  2. P. C. Brugger
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  3. H. Helmer
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  4. M. Langer
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  5. C. Balassy
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  6. D. Prayer
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Correspondence to G. Kasprian.

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Kasprian, G., Brugger, P.C., Helmer, H. et al. Fetale Lungenentwicklung in der MRT. Radiologe 46, 120–127 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-005-1321-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-005-1321-z

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