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Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in polytrauma: Evaluation of bone and liver healing response in an experimental rat model

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Abstract

Purpose

Trauma is the most common cause of death of young people in the world. As known, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) accelerate tissue regeneration mechanisms. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MSCs transplantation on the healing of liver and bone tissue by considering trauma secondary inflammatory responses.

Methods

56 adult Wistar-albino rats were divided into two groups: the polytrauma (liver and bone) (n = 28), and the liver trauma group (n = 28). At 36 h and 5th day after surgery, both rats with polytrauma and with isolated liver injury received either intravenous (IV) or intraperitoneal (IP) injections of MSCs (one million cells per kg body weight). Untreated groups received IV and IP saline injections. At day 21 after surgery, liver, tibia and fibula of the subjects were excised and evaluated for histopathologic and histomorphometric examination. Additionally, whole blood count (white blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, blood gas, and trauma markers interleukin-1B (IL-1B), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were investigated.

Results

In general, MSC transplantations were well tolerated by the subjects. It was found that ALT, CRP, albumin were significantly lower in rats which received MSCs (p < 0.001). Inflammation of the liver and bone tissue in the MSC-injected rats were significantly lower than that of the untreated groups.

Conclusions

Herewith we have shown that MSC infusion in posttraumatic rats leads to less aggressive and more effective consequences on liver and bone tissue healing. Human MSC treatment for trauma is still in early stages of development; thus standard protocols, and patient inclusion criteria should be established beforehand clinical trials.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Ankara University Research Fund (project number 15A0230005). A part of this study was presented as an abstract at the IXth Mediterranean Emergency Medicine Congress (MEMC), September 2017-Lisbon/Portugal and at the 22nd BIOMED 2017, Ankara, Turkey.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ayça Koca Tanrıverdi, Onur Polat, Müge Günalp, Ahmet Burak Oğuz & Sinan Genç

  2. Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey

    Ayşe Eser Elçin & Yaşar Murat Elçin

  3. Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ayşe Eser Elçin & Günhan Gürman

  4. Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ozan Ahlat

  5. Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Günhan Gürman

  6. Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc, Ankara, Turkey

    Yaşar Murat Elçin

  7. Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Division, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100, Ankara, Turkey

    Yaşar Murat Elçin

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  1. Ayça Koca Tanrıverdi
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  2. Onur Polat
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Correspondence to Ayça Koca Tanrıverdi or Yaşar Murat Elçin.

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Conflict of interest

Y.M.E. is the founder and director of Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc. (Ankara, Turkey). The authors declare no competing interests in relation to this article. The authors are alone responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Statement of animal rights

This research involved animals as subjects of the study. All procedures performed involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee.

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Tanrıverdi, A.K., Polat, O., Elçin, A.E. et al. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in polytrauma: Evaluation of bone and liver healing response in an experimental rat model. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 46, 53–64 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-019-01101-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-019-01101-9

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