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Acute heart failure with accompanying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Should we focus on beta blockers?

Akute Herzinsuffizienz mit begleitender chronisch obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung

Soll man den Fokus auf Betablocker legen?

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Abstract

Background

Acute heart failure (AHF) with systolic dysfunction is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and optimal therapy is not well established, despite the findings of evidence-based medicine. Beta blockers provide a mortality and morbidity benefit in patients with chronic systolic HF, and are currently indicated in all stages of patients with systolic HF. We evaluated therapies before discharge, in particular beta blockers, in patients hospitalized with AHF with and without accompanying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

The hospital discharge records of 959 consecutive de novo AHF patients, hospitalized and treated for systolic HF (ejection fraction < 45%), were retrospectively reviewed in three cardiovascular institutions.

Results

The presence of accompanying COPD was associated with significantly lower prescription of beta blockers before discharge (p < 0.001). Furthermore, with regard to the type of beta blocker, patients with accompanying COPD were less frequently prescribed nonselective beta blockers (29% vs. 48%, p < 0.001). The presence of accompanying COPD among AHF patients increased the risk of omitting (not prescribing) beta blockers before discharge by a factor of 1.785.

Conclusion

Beta blockers, a proven life-saving therapy in the setting of chronic systolic HF, were found to be less frequently prescribed before discharge in the presence of de novo AHF with accompanying COPD.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Akute Herzinsuffizienz (“acute heart failure”, AHF) mit systolischer Dysfunktion geht mit erhöhter Morbidität und Mortalität einher, und es gibt keine etablierte optimale Therapie – trotz der Ergebnisse evidenzbasierter Medizin. Betablocker nutzen Patienten mit chronischer systolischer Herzinsuffizienz in Bezug auf Mortalität und Morbidität und sind derzeit in sämtlichen Stadien der systolischen Herzinsuffizienz indiziert. Wir haben nun bei Patienten mit oder ohne begleitende chronisch obstruktive Lungenerkrankung (COPD), die wegen AHF stationär aufgenommen worden waren, die Therapie bei Entlassung, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Betablocker, untersucht.

Methoden

Retrospektiv ausgewertet wurden in 3 Herz-Kreislauf-Kliniken die Krankenunterlagen von 959 aufeinanderfolgenden Patienten mit neu aufgetretener AHF und stationärer Behandlung wegen systolischer Herzinsuffizienz (Ejektionsfraktion < 45%).

Ergebnisse

Bei zusätzlich bestehender COPD wurden vor Entlassung deutlich seltener Betablocker verordnet (p < 0,001). Im Hinblick auf die Art der Betablocker erfolgte außerdem bei Patienten mit begleitender COPD seltener die Verordnung nichtselektiver Betablocker (29 vs. 48%, p < 0,001). Bei AHF-Patienten mit begleitender COPD stieg das Risiko des Weglassens (d. h. keine Verordnung) von Betablockern vor Entlassung um den Faktor 1,785.

Schlussfolgerung

Es war festzustellen, dass Betablocker, eine nachgewiesenermaßen lebensrettende Therapie bei chronischer systolischer Herzinsuffizienz, vor Entlassung seltener verordnet wurden, wenn eine neu aufgetretene AHF bei begleitender COPD vorlag.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Correspondence to M.R. Ege.

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Ege, M., Guray, U., Guray, Y. et al. Acute heart failure with accompanying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Herz 37, 796–800 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3641-x

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