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Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of PD-1 expression

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Abstract

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor that plays important roles in regulating T cell immunity and peripheral tolerance. PD-1 signaling prevents T cells from overactivation during acute infections, but it maintains T cell exhaustion during chronic infections. Tumor cells can exploit the PD-1 signaling pathway to evade antitumor immune responses. The PD-1 signaling pathway is also essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance and prevention of autoimmunity. PD-1 expression is strictly and differentially regulated by diverse mechanisms in immune cells. It is activated and repressed by distinct transcription factors in different circumstances. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms are also involved in regulating PD-1 expression. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of PD-1 expression during different immune responses.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Funding for Top-notch Personnel granted to PL from Shandong First Medical University.

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  1. Zengde Chi and Yan Lu contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China

    Zengde Chi

  2. Institute of Basic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China

    Yan Lu, Bingqing Li & Peiyuan Lu

  3. Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China

    Yan Lu & Peiyuan Lu

  4. Key Laboratory of Rare and Uncommon Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China

    Yinlong Yang

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PL had the idea for this review and provided the final approval of the version to be published. ZC and YL wrote the manuscript. YY generated the figures. PL and BL revised the manuscript. All the authors have read and approved the final version of this review.

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Chi, Z., Lu, Y., Yang, Y. et al. Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of PD-1 expression. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 78, 3239–3246 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03737-y

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