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Experimental Investigation of the High Strain Rate Transverse Compression Behavior of Ballistic Single Fibers

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Abstract

This paper investigates the high strain rate transverse compression behavior of Kevlar® KM2 and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Dyneema® SK76 single fibers widely used in protective components under ballistic and blast loading conditions. The micron scale fibers are compressed at strain rates in the range of 10,000–90,000 s−1 in a small (283 μm) diameter Kolsky bar with optical instrumentation. The nominal stress–strain response of single fibers exhibits nonlinear inelastic behavior under high rate transverse compression. The nonlinearity is due to both geometric and material behavior. The contact area growth at high rates is found to be smaller than at quasi-static loading leading to a stiffer material response at higher rates. The fiber material constitutive behavior is determined by removing the geometric nonlinearity due to the growing contact area. Atomic force microscopy analysis of the compressed fibers indicates less degree of fibrillation at high strain rates compared to quasi-static loading indicating that fibril properties and inter-fibrillar interactions could be strain rate dependent.

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Acknowledgements

Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-12-2-0022. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. The author SS wish to acknowledge the funding from the MEDE program through a subcontract from the University of Delaware. The author SS acknowledges Mr. Raja Ganesh and Mr. Sandeep Tamrakar of the University of Delaware for their help in sample preparation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SmartState Center for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    S. Sockalingam

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    S. Sockalingam

  3. Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    S. Sockalingam, P. McDaniel & J. Gillespie Jr.

  4. US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, USA

    D. Casem & T. Weerasooriya

  5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    P. McDaniel & J. Gillespie Jr.

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    J. Gillespie Jr.

  7. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

    J. Gillespie Jr.

Authors
  1. S. Sockalingam
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  2. D. Casem
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  3. T. Weerasooriya
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  4. P. McDaniel
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  5. J. Gillespie Jr.
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to S. Sockalingam or J. Gillespie Jr..

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Sockalingam, S., Casem, D., Weerasooriya, T. et al. Experimental Investigation of the High Strain Rate Transverse Compression Behavior of Ballistic Single Fibers. J. dynamic behavior mater. 3, 474–484 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40870-017-0126-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40870-017-0126-2

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