Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Linking the scientific knowledge on marine frontal systems with ecosystem services

  • Perspective
  • Published:
Ambio Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Primary production hotspots in the marine environment occur where the combination of light, turbulence, temperature and nutrients makes the proliferation of phytoplankton possible. Satellite-derived surface chlorophyll-a distributions indicate that these conditions are frequently associated with sharp water mass transitions named “marine fronts”. Given the link between primary production, consumers and ecosystem functions, marine fronts could play a key role in the production of ecosystem services (ES). Using the shelf break front in the Argentine Sea as a study case, we show that the high primary production found in the front is the main ecological feature that supports the production of tangible (fisheries) and intangible (recreation, regulation of atmospheric gases) marine ES and the reason why the provision of ES in the Argentine Sea concentrates there. This information provides support to satellite chlorophyll as a good indicator of multiple marine ES. We suggest that marine fronts could be considered as marine ES hot spots.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acha, E.M., H.W. Mianzan, R.A. Guerrero, M. Favero, and J. Bava. 2004. Marine fronts at the continental shelves of austral South America: Physical and ecological processes. Journal of Marine System 44: 83–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acha, E.M., A. Piola, O. Iribarne, and H. Mianzan. 2015. Ecological processes at marine fronts, oases in the ocean. Mar del Plata: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Alemany, D., E.M. Acha, and O. Iribarne. 2014. Marine fronts are important fishing areas for demersal species at the Argentine Sea (Southwest Atlantic Ocean). Journal of Sea Research 87: 56–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ardhuin, F., J.E. Stopa, B. Chapron, F. Collard, R. Husson, R.E. Jensen, J. Johannessen, A. Mouche, et al. 2019. Observing sea states. Frontiers in Marine Science 6: 124. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, C.W., N.S. Foley, R. Tinch, and S. van den Hove. 2012. Services from the deep: Steps towards valuation of deep sea goods and services. Ecosystem Services 2: 2–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barbier, E.B., S.D. Hacker, C. Kennedy, E.W. Koch, A.C. Stier, and B.R. Silliman. 2011. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecological Monographs 81: 169–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belkin, I.M., P.C. Cornillon, and K. Sherman. 2009. Fronts in large marine ecosystems. Progress in Oceanography 81: 223–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benoit-Bid, K.J., and M.A. NcManus. 2012. Bottom-up regulation of a pelagic community through spatial aggregations. Biological Letters 8: 813–816.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergstad, O.A., E. Johannesen, Å. Høines, K.E. Ellingsen, V.S. Lien, I. Byrkjedal, N.G. Yoccoz, T. Tveraa, et al. 2018. Demersal fish assemblages in the boreo-Arctic shelf waters around Svalbard during the warm period 2007–2014. Polar Biology 41: 125–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, A.A., A.P. Osiroff, C.F. Balestrini, A.R. Piola, and H.I. Perlender. 2010. Atrapando CO2 en el mar patagónico. Ciencia Hoy 20: 8–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, A.A., D.R. Pino, H.G.I. Perlender, A.P. Osiroff, V. Segura, V. Lutz, M.L. Clara, C.F. Balestrini, et al. 2009. Annual balance and seasonal variability of sea-air CO2 fluxes in the Patagonia Sea: Their relationship with fronts and chlorophyll distribution. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 114: C03018.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanco, G.S., J.P. Pisoni, and F. Quintana. 2015. Characterization of the seascape used by juvenile and wintering adult Southern Giant Petrels from Patagonia Argentina. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 153: 135–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blondeau-Patissier, D., J.F.R. Gower, A.G. Dekker, S.R. Phinn, and V.E. Brando. 2014. A review of ocean color remote sensing methods and statistical techniques for the detection, mapping and analysis of phytoplankton blooms in coastal and open oceans. Progress in Oceanography 123: 123–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogazzi, E., A. Baldoni, A. Rivas, P. Martos, R. Reta, J.M. Orensanz, M. Lasta, P. Dell’Arciprete, et al. 2005. Spatial correspondence between areas of concentration of Patagonian scallop (Zygochlamys patagonica) and frontal systems in the southwestern Atlantic. Fisheries Oceanography 14: 359–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bost, C.A., C. Cotté, F. Bailleul, Y. Cherel, J.B. Charrassin, C. Guinet, D.G. Ainley, and H. Weimerskirch. 2009. The importance of oceanographic fronts to marine birds and mammals of the southern oceans. Journal of Marine Systems 78: 363–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cáceres, D.M., E. Tapella, F. Quétier, and S. Díaz. 2015. The social value of biodiversity and ecosystem services from the perspectives of different social actors. Ecology and Society 20: 62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calado, R., M. Costa Leal, H. Gaspar, S. Santos, A. Marques, M.L. Nunes, and H. Vieira. 2018. How to succeed in marketing marine natural products for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical markets. In Grand challenges in marine biotechnology, grand challenges in biology and biotechnology, ed. P.H. Rampelotto and A. Trincone, 317–404. New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Campagna, C., A.R. Piola, M.R. Marin, M. Lewis, U. Zajaczkovski, and T. Fernández. 2007. Deep divers in shallow seas: Southern elephant seals on the Patagonian shelf. Deep-Sea Research 54: 1792–1814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campodónico, S., and G.V. Garaffo. 2014. Variación estacional de los índices gonadal y muscular de Zygochlamys patagónica (King, 1832) en relación con el almacenamiento de reservas energéticas. Revista de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP) 24: 75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carreto, J.I., N.G. Montoya, M.O. Carignan, R. Akselman, E.M. Acha, and C. Derisio. 2016. Environmental and biological factors controlling the spring phytoplankton bloom at the Patagonian shelf-break front—Degraded fucoxanthin pigments and the importance of microzooplankton grazing. Progress in Oceanography 146: 1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chassot, E., S. Bonhommeau, N.K. Dulvy, F. Mélin, R. Watson, D. Gascuel, and O. Le Pape. 2010. Global marine primary production constrains fisheries catches. Ecology Letters 13: 495–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C.S., T.S. Chiu, and W.B. Haung. 2007. The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the Argentine short-finned squid, Illex argentinus, abundances in the Southwest Atlantic and the effects of environmental influences. Zoological Studies 46: 111–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciancio, J.E., M.A. Pascual, F. Botto, E. Frere, and O. Iribarne. 2008. Trophic relationships of exotic anadromous salmonids in the southern Patagonian Shelf as inferred from stable isotopes. Limnology and Oceanography 53: 788–798.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cognetti, G., and F. Maltagliati. 2010. Ecosystem service provision: An operational way for marine biodiversity conservation and management. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60: 1916–1923.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costa Leal, M., J. Puga, J. Serôdio, N.C.M. Gomes, and R. Calado. 2012. Trends in the discovery of new marine natural products from invertebrates over the last two decades—Where and what are we bioprospecting? PLoS ONE 7: e30580.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costanza, R., R. de Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, et al. 1997. The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387: 253–260.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costanza, R., R. de Groot, P. Sutton, S. van der Ploeg, S.J. Anderson, I. Kubiszewski, S. Farber, and R.K. Turner. 2014. Changes in the global value of ecosystem services. Global Environmental Changes 26: 152–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Groot, R.S., B. Fisher, M. Christie, J. Aronson, L.C. Braat, R. Haines-Young, J. Gowdy, E. Maltby, et al. 2010. Integrating the ecological and economic dimensions in biodiversity and ecosystem service valuation, Chap. 1. In The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB): Ecological and economic foundations, ed. P. Kumar, 9–40. London: TEEB Foundations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Druon, J.N. 2010. Habitat zapping of the Atlantic blue fin tuna derived from satellite data: Its potential as a tool for the sustainable management of pelagic fisheries. Marine Policy 34: 293–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duarte, C.M. 2010. Océano, el secreto del planeta Tierra. Madrid: Los libros de la Catarata, CSIC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duarte, C.M., R.W. Fulweiler, C.E. Lovelock, P. Martinetto, M. Saunders, J.M. Pandolfi, S. Gelcich, and S. Nixon. 2015. Reconsidering ocean calamities. BioScience 65: 130–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eder, E.B., and M.N. Lewis. 2005. Proximate composition and energetic value of demersal and pelagic prey species from the SW Atlantic Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 291: 43–52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falabella, V., C. Campagna, and J. Croxall. 2009. Atlas of the Patagonian Sea: Species and spaces. Buenos Aires: Wildlife Conservation Society and BirdLife International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falkowski, P.G., R.T. Barber, and V. Smetacek. 1998. Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science 281: 200–206.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FAO. 2016. El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura 2016. Contribución a la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición para todos. Rome: FAO.

  • Ferrari, R. 2011. A frontal challenger for climate models. Science 332: 316–317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Field, C.B., M.J. Behrenfeld, J.T. Randerson, and P. Falkowski. 1998. Primary production of the biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components. Science 281: 237–240.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, B., R.K. Turner, and P. Morling. 2009. Defining and classifying ecosystem services for decision making. Ecological Economics 68: 643–653.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fretwell, P.T., M.A. LaRue, P. Morin, G.L. Kooyman, B. Wienecke, N. Ratcliffe, A.J. Fox, A.H. Fleming, et al. 2012. An emperor penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species from space. PLoS One 7: e33751. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033751.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, A.L., D.P. Costa, A.J. Winship, S.R. Benson, S.J. Bograd, M. Antolos, A.B. Carlisle, H. Dewar, et al. 2018. The political biogeography of migratory marine predators. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2: 1571–1578.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heron, S.F., L. Johnston, G. Liu, E.F. Geiger, J.A. Maynard, J.L. De La Cour, S. Johnson, R. Okano, et al. 2016. Validation of reef-scale thermal stress satellite products for coral bleaching monitoring. Remote Sensing 8: 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8010059.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmeyer, M.S., M.E. Sabatini, F.P. Brandini, D.L. Calliari, and N.H. Santinelli. 2018. Plankton ecology of the Southwestern Atlantic—From the subtropical to the subantarctic realm. Part VI: Harmful algae and their impacts, 453–515. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • INDEC. 2018. Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censo, Argentina. https://www.indec.gob.ar/. Accessed 26 Nov 2018.

  • Jaspars, M., D. de Pascalle, J.H. Andersen, F. Reyes, A.D. Crawford, and A. Ianora. 2016. The marine biodiscovery pipeline and ocean medicines of tomorrow. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96: 151–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, S., N. Dendoncker, B. Martín-López, D.N. Barton, E. Gomez-Baggethun, F. Boeraeve, F.L. McGrath, K. Vierikko, et al. 2016. A new valuation school: Integrating diverse values of nature in resource and land use decisions. Ecosystem Services 22: 213–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kahl, L.C., A.B. Bianchi, A.P. Osiroff, D. Ruiz Pino, and A.R. Piola. 2017. Distribution of sea-air CO2 fluxes in the Patagonian Sea: Seasonal, biological and thermal effects. Continental Shelf Research 143: 18–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kubiszewski, I., R. Costanza, S. Anderson, and P. Sutton. 2017. The future value of ecosystem services: Global scenarios and national implementation. Ecosystem Services 26: 289–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kummu, M., H. de Moel, G. Salvucci, D. Viviroli, P.J. Ward, and O. Varis. 2016. Over the hills and further away from coast: Global geospatial patterns of human and environment over the 20th–21st centuries. Environmental Research Letters 1: 034010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurlansky, M. 1998. Cod: A biography on the fish that changed the world. New York: Penguin Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lembke, C., S. Grasty, A. Silverman, H. Broadbent, S. Butcher, and S. Murawski. 2017. The camera-based assessment survey system (C-BASS): A towed camera platform for reef fish abundance surveys and benthic habitat characterization in the Gulf of Mexico. Continental Shelf Research 151: 62–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leitner, A.B., A.B. Neuheimer, E. Donlon, C.R. Smith, and J.C. Drazen. 2017. Environmental and bathymetric influences on abyssal bait-attending communities of the Clarion Clipperton Zone. Deep-Sea Research Part I 125: 65–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liquete, C., C. Piroddi, E.G. Drakou, L. Gurney, S. Katsanevakis, A. Charef, and B. Egoh. 2013. Current status and future prospects for the assessment of marine and coastal ecosystem services: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 8: e67737.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucifora, L., V. García, R. Menni, and B. Worm. 2012. Spatial patterns in the diversity of sharks, rays, and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) in the Southwest Atlantic. Biodiversity and Conservation 21: 407–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutz, V.A., V. Segura, A.I. Dogliotti, D. Gagliardini, A. Bianchi, and C.F. Balestrini. 2010. Primary production in the Argentine Sea during spring estimated by field and satellite models. Journal of Plankton Research 32: 181–195.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann, K.H., and J.R.N. Lazier. 2006. Dynamics of marine ecosystems biological-physical interactions in the oceans. Cambridge: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marrari, M., M.D. Viñas, P. Martos, and D. Hernández. 2004. Spatial patterns of mesozooplankton distribution in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34°-41°S) during austral spring: Relationship with the hydrographic conditions. ICES Journal of Marine Science 61: 667–679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez, P.A., and O.C. Wöhler. 2016. Hacia la recuperación de la pesquería de la merluza negra (Dissostichus eleginoides) en el Mar Argentino: un ejemplo de trabajo conjunto entre el sector de la administración, la investigación y la industria. Frente Marítimo 24: 115–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mastrangelo, M.E., and P. Laterra. 2015. From biophysical to social-ecological trade-offs: integrating biodiversity conservation and agricultural production in the Argentine Dry Chaco. Ecology and Society 20: 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mauna, A.C., E.M. Acha, M.L. Lasta, and O.O. Iribarne. 2011. The influence of a large SW Atlantic shelf-break frontal system on epibenthic community composition, trophic guilds and diversity. Journal of Sea Research 66: 39–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA). 2005. Ecosystems and human well-being: Synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P.I., and S. Christodoulou. 2014. Frequent locations of oceanic fronts as an indicator of pelagic diversity: Application to marine protected areas and renewables. Marine Policy 45: 318–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’dea, E.J., A.K. Arnold, K.P. Edwards, R. Furner, P. Hyder, M.J. Martin, J.R. Siddorn, D. Storkey, et al. 2012. An operational ocean forecast system incorporating NEMO and SST data assimilation for the tidally driven European North-West shelf. Journal of Operational Oceanography 5: 3–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orselli, I.B.M., R. Kerr, R.G. Ito, V.M. Tavano, C.R.B. Mendes, and C.A.E. Garcia. 2018. How fast is the Patagonian shelf-break acidifying? Journal of Marine Systems 178: 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paruelo, J.M., M. Texeira, L. Staiano, M. Mastrángelo, L. Amdan, and F. Gallego. 2016. An integrative index of ecosystem services provision based in remotely sensed data. Ecological Indicators 71: 145–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Podestá, G.P., J.A. Browder, and J.J. Hoey. 1993. Exploring the relationship between swordfish catch rates and thermal fronts on U.S. longline grounds in the western North Atlantic. Continental Shelf Research 13: 253–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, R.T., and L. Regier. 1990. Large variations in potential vorticity at small spatial scales in the upper ocean. Nature 348: 227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poloczanska, E.S., M.T. Burrows, C.J. Brown, J. García Molinos, B.S. Halpern, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, C.V. Kappel, P.J. Moore, et al. 2016. Responses of marine organisms to climate change across oceans. Frontiers in Marine Science 3: 62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qu, B., A.J. Gabric, and P.A. Matrai. 2006. The satellite-derived distribution of chlorophyll-a and its relation to ice cover, radiation and sea surface temperature in the Barents Sea. Polar Biology 29: 196–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quintana, F., and O.P. Dell’Arciprete. 2002. Foraging grounds of southern giant petrels (Macronectes giganteus) on the Patagonian shelf. Polar Biology 25: 159–161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhein, M., Rintoul, S.R., Aoki, S., Campos, E., Chambers, D., Feely, R.A., Gulev, S., Johnson, G.C., et al. 2013. Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Rivas, A.L., and J.P. Pisoni. 2010. Identification, characteristics and seasonal evolution of surface thermal fronts in the Argentinean Continental Shelf. Journal of Marine Systems 79: 134–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romero, S.I., A.R. Piola, M. Charo, and C.A.E. Garcia. 2006. Chlorophyll a variability off Patagonia based on SeaWiFS data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 111: C05021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz, A.E., and R.R. Fondacaro. 1997. Diet of hake (Merluccius hubbsi Marini) in a spawning and nursery area within Patagonian shelf waters. Fisheries Research 30: 157–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sagebiel, J., C. Schwartz, M. Rhozyel, S. Rajmis, and J. Hirschfeld. 2016. Economic valuation of Baltic marine ecosystem services: Blind spot and limited consistency. ICES Journal of Marine Science 73: 991–1003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez, R.P., and J. Ciechomski. 1995. Spawning and nursery grounds of pelagic fish species in the sea-shelf off Argentina and adjacent areas. Scientia Marina 59: 455–478.

    Google Scholar 

  • Secretaría de Agroindustria, Informe de Coyuntura. 2018. https://www.agroindustria.gob.ar/sitio/areas/pesca_maritima/informes/coyuntura/_archivos//000000_2018/181001_Informe%20de%20coyuntura%20-%20Octubre%202018.pdf. Accessed 26 Nov 2018.

  • Sherman, K. 2005. The large marine ecosystem approach for assessment and management of ocean coastal waters. In Sustaining large marine ecosystems: The human dimension, ed. T.M. Hennessey and J.G. Sutinen, 3–16. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Soria, G., J.M. Orensanz, E.M. Morsán, A.M. Parma, and R.O. Amoroso. 2016. Chapter 25—Scallops biology, fisheries, and management in Argentina. In Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science, ed. S.E. Shumway and G.J. Parsons, 1019–1046. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stocker, T.F. 2015. The silent services of the world ocean. Science 350: 764–765.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, T., S.T. Sutherland, C. Sweeney, A. Poisson, N. Metzl, B. Tilbrook, N. Bates, R. Wanninkhif, et al. 2002. Global sea-air CO2 flux based on climatological surface ocean pCO2, and seasonal biological and temperature effects. Deep-Sea Research II 49: 1601–1622.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thurber, A.R., A.K. Sweetman, B.E. Narayanaswamy, D.O.B. Jones, J. Ingels, and R.L. Hansman. 2014. Ecosystem function and services provided by the deep sea. Biogeosciences 11: 3941–3963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, M., K. Davies, N. Hanley, J.E. Hewitt, C.J. Lundquist, and A.M. Lohrer. 2018. The challenge of implementing the marine ecosystem service concept. Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valla, D., and A.R. Piola. 2015. Evidence of upwelling events at the northern Patagonian shelf break. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 120: 7635–7656.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Deurs, M., A. Persson, M. Lindegren, C. Jacobsen, S. Neuenfeldt, C. Jørgensen, and P.A. Nilsson. 2016. Marine ecosystem connectivity mediated by migrant–resident interactions and the concomitant cross-system flux of lipids. Ecology and Evolution 6: 4076–4087.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vilela, R., D. Conesa, J.L. del Rio, A. López-Quílez, J. Portela, and J.M. Bellido. 2018. Integrating fishing spatial patterns and strategies to improve high seas fisheries management. Marine Policy 94: 132–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weatherdon, L.V., A.K. Magnan, A.D. Rogers, U.R. Sumaila, and W.W.L. Cheung. 2016. Observed and projected impacts of climate change on marine fisheries, aquaculture, coastal tourism, and human health: An update. Frontiers in Marine Science 3: 48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welch, H., R.L. Pressey, S.F. Heron, D.M. Ceccarelli, and A.J. Hobday. 2015. Regimes of chlorophyll-a in the Coral Sea: Implications for evaluating adequacy of marine protected areas. Ecography 39: 286–304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodson, C.B., and S.Y. Litvin. 2015. Ocean fronts drive marine fishery production and biogeochemical cycling. PNAS 112: 1710–1715.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zerbini, A.N., H. Rosenbaum, M. Mendez, F. Sucunza, A. Andriolo, G. Harris, P.J. Clapham, M. Sironi, et al. 2016. Tracking southern right whales through the Southwest Atlantic: An update on movements, migratory routes and feeding destinations. In Paper SC/66b/BRG/26 presented to the International Whale Commission Scientific Committee, June 2016, Bled, Slovenia, 16pp.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The first draft of this article was originated during a workshop under the framework of the project: “The relative ecosystem services of frontal areas in the South West Atlantic Large Marine Ecosystem” (IAI-CONICET 3347/14). We thank to the Inter American Institute for Global Change Research through the National Science Foundation (EEUU, Grant GEO-1128040) and its support to the project CRN3070 “VOCES”.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paulina Martinetto.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (PDF 262 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Martinetto, P., Alemany, D., Botto, F. et al. Linking the scientific knowledge on marine frontal systems with ecosystem services. Ambio 49, 541–556 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01222-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01222-w

Keywords

Navigation