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An OSSE Study for Deep Argo Array using the GFDL Ensemble Coupled Data Assimilation System

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Abstract

An observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) using an ensemble coupled data assimilation system was designed to investigate the impact of deep ocean Argo profile assimilation in a biased numerical climate system. Based on the modern Argo observational array and an artificial extension to full depth, “observations” drawn from one coupled general circulation model (CM2.0) were assimilated into another model (CM2.1). Our results showed that coupled data assimilation with simultaneous atmospheric and oceanic constraints plays a significant role in preventing deep ocean drift. However, the extension of the Argo array to full depth did not significantly improve the quality of the oceanic climate estimation within the bias magnitude in the twin experiment. Even in the “identical” twin experiment for the deep Argo array from the same model (CM2.1) with the assimilation model, no significant changes were shown in the deep ocean, such as in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the Antarctic bottom water cell. The small ensemble spread and corresponding weak constraints by the deep Argo profiles with medium spatial and temporal resolution may explain why the deep Argo profiles did not improve the deep ocean features in the assimilation system. Additional studies using different assimilation methods with improved spatial and temporal resolution of the deep Argo array are necessary in order to more thoroughly understand the impact of the deep Argo array on the assimilation system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Science Education, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Korea

    You-Soon Chang

  2. Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, NOAA, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA

    Shaoqing Zhang, Anthony Rosati, Gabriel A. Vecchi & Xiaosong Yang

  3. University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 80307, USA

    Anthony Rosati & Xiaosong Yang

  4. Department of Geoscience, Princeton University and Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA

    Gabriel A. Vecchi

  5. Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Shaoqing Zhang

Authors
  1. You-Soon Chang
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  2. Shaoqing Zhang
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  3. Anthony Rosati
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  4. Gabriel A. Vecchi
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  5. Xiaosong Yang
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Correspondence to You-Soon Chang.

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Chang, YS., Zhang, S., Rosati, A. et al. An OSSE Study for Deep Argo Array using the GFDL Ensemble Coupled Data Assimilation System. Ocean Sci. J. 53, 179–189 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-018-0007-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-018-0007-1

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