Skip to main content
Log in

Isolation and identification of steroidogenic peptides from calf spleen

  • Research Articles
  • Drug Design and Discovery
  • Published:
Archives of Pharmacal Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Since women with climacteric syndrome have significantly lower serum levels of estradiol and other related hormones, hormone replacement therapies (HRT) such as estrogen are needed to lessen symptoms. However, HRT can often cause severe adverse effects that include many cancers and stroke. Therefore, new and novel approaches to relieve climacteric syndrome still need to be developed. The aim of this study was to identify biologically active peptides from calf spleen that are responsible for stimulating biosynthesis of steroid hormone and to explore the potential of isolated peptides as therapeutic agents for menopausal syndrome. The reverse phase HPLC system was used to isolate active compounds from calf spleen extract, a cell culture system was used to screen the activity of stimulating hormone secretion, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry was used for molecular weight determination. In the present study, two calf steroidogenic peptides, CSP-1 (MW; 4.655 kDa) and CSP-2 (MW; 8.331 kDa), were isolated and identified from calf spleen and may be putative climacteric syndrome therapeutic agents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Band, M. R., Olmstead, C., Everts, R. E., Liu, Z. L., and Lewin, H. A., A 3800 gene microarray for cattle functional genomics: comparison of gene expression in spleen, placenta, and brain. Anim. Biotechnol., 13, 163–172 (2002).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breitenecker, G., Lunglmayr, G., Goslar, H. G., Grigoriadis, P., and Jaeger, K. H., The effect of a spleen dialysate on the genital organs of the male rat. 1. Morphologic and enzyme histochemical studies. Andrologie, 4, 363–374 (1972).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breitenecker, G., Lunglmayr, G., Goslar, H. G., and Grigoriadis, P., The effect of a spleen dialysate on the rat testis. Urol. Int., 28, 364–369 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jalava-Broman, J., Makinen, J., Ojanlatva, A., Jokinen, K., Sillanmaki, L., and Rautava, P., Change in the frequency of HRT use from 2000 to 2005 and reasons to discontinue: follow-up of a normal cohort in Finland. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand., 90, 351–357 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jovanovic, U. J., On the efficacy of a spleenic dialysate (M 40,412) in disturbed potency (author’s transl). Arzneimittelforschung, 26, 457–462 (1976).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korse, C. M., Bonfrer, J. M., Van Beurden, M., Verheijen, R. H., and Rookus, M. A., Estradiol and testosterone levels are lower after oophorectomy than after natural menopause. Tumour Biol., 30, 37–42 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langevin, S. M., Grandis, J. R., and Taioli, E., Female hormonal and reproductive factors and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma risk. Cancer Lett., 310, 216–221 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewin, H., Grigoriadis, P., Goslar, H. G., and Jaeger, K. H., Comparative histological and histochemical studies on the “spleen-ovary” in the rat (Lipschutz) following administration of FSH and spleen extract. Zentralbl. Gynakol., 101, 293–301 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maggi, A., Liganded and unliganded activation of estrogen receptor and hormone replacement therapies. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1812, 1054–1060 (2011).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milewicz, A., Teucher, T., and Schmitz, H., Effect of long-term spleen dialysate (Solcosplen) administration on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in early postmenopausal women. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 7, 143–147 (1993).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moller, C. P., A 70-year-old controversial discussion: spleen and gonad function in medical literature. Fortschr. Med., 101, 11–16 (1983).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moller, C. P., Lubow, H., and Schmitz, H., Ovarian stimulation by a new therapeutic principle for the treatment of complications of the climacteric. Results of a double-blind crossover study with a defined spleen dialysate. Arzneimittelforschung, 36, 1123–1129 (1986).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagao, T., Kira, M., Takahashi, M., Honda, J., Hirose, T., Tangoku, A., Zembutsu, H., Nakamura, Y., and Sasa, M., Serum estradiol should be monitored not only during the peri-menopausal period but also the post-menopausal period at the time of aromatase inhibitor administration. World J. Surg. Oncol., 7, 88 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Narod, S. A., Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of breast cancer. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol., 8, 669–676 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oakley, O. R., Frazer, M. L., and Ko, C., Pituitary-ovaryspleen axis in ovulation. Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 22, 345–352 (2011).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozdemir, S., Celik, C., Gorkemli, H., Kiyici, A., and Kaya, B., Compared effects of surgical and natural menopause on climacteric symptoms, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet., 106, 57–61 (2009).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pedernera, E., Diaz-Osuna, J., and Calcagno, M., A thymus factor influences the in vitro testosterone secretion of Leydig cells in the rat. Life Sci., 38, 779–787 (1986).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rathod, V. S., Rathod, S. B., and Suvernakar, S. V., Multiple hydatid cysts of ovary and spleen—a case report. Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol., 49, 23 (2006).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chong-Kook Kim.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jee, JP., Jin, SE., Ban, E. et al. Isolation and identification of steroidogenic peptides from calf spleen. Arch. Pharm. Res. 35, 653–658 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-012-0409-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-012-0409-z

Key words

Navigation