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Bio-Derived Hierarchical 3D Architecture from Seeds for Supercapacitor Application

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Abstract

The generation and storage of green energy (energy from abundant and nonfossil) is important for a sustainable and clean future. The electrode material in a supercapacitor is a major component. The properties of these materials depend on its inherent architecture and composition. Here, we have chosen sunflower seeds and pumpkin seeds with a completely different structure to obtain a carbonaceous product. The product obtained from sunflower seed carbon is a three-dimensional hierarchical macroporous carbon (SSC) composed of many granular nanocrystals of potassium magnesium phosphate dispersed in a matrix. Contrary to this, carbon from pumpkin seeds (PSC) is revealed to be a more rigid structure, with no porous or ordered morphology. The electrochemical supercapacitive behavior was assessed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge tests. Electrochemical measurements showed that the SSC shows a high specific capacitance of 24.9 Fg−1 as compared with that obtained (2.46 Fg−1) for PSC with a cycling efficiency of 87% and 89%, respectively. On high-temperature cycling for 500 charge–discharge cycles at 0.1 Ag−1, an improved cycling efficiency of 100% and 98% for SSC and PSC, respectively, is observed.

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Acknowledgements

Pratthana Intawin would like to thank Chiang Mai University and the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program for financial support. C.S.T. and P.M.A. acknowledge the funding from the U.S. Department of Defense: U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research for the Project MURI: “Synthesis and Characterization of 3-D Carbon Nanotube Solid Networks” Award No. FA9550-12-1-0035.

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Author notes

  1. Pratthana Intawin and Farheen N. Sayed have contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Pratthana Intawin & Kamonpan Pengpat

  2. Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA

    Pratthana Intawin, Farheen N. Sayed, Jarin Joyner, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary & Pulickel M. Ajayan

Authors
  1. Pratthana Intawin
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  2. Farheen N. Sayed
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  3. Kamonpan Pengpat
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  4. Jarin Joyner
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  5. Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
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  6. Pulickel M. Ajayan
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Correspondence to Farheen N. Sayed.

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Intawin, P., Sayed, F.N., Pengpat, K. et al. Bio-Derived Hierarchical 3D Architecture from Seeds for Supercapacitor Application. JOM 69, 1513–1518 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2406-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2406-7

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