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Synergistic effect of auxins and polyamines in hairy roots of Cichorium intybus L. during growth, coumarin production and morphogenesis

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Abstract

Hairy roots of Cichorium intybus obtained by infecting with different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains (LMG-150 and A20/83) were studied for total endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels and indole-3-acetic acid oxidase (IAAO) activity. The roots initiated by LMG- 150 showed higher endogenous IAA levels as well as IAAO activity as compared to the roots from A20/83. Coumarin production in roots obtained by both of these strains strictly correlated with growth, with higher content in the roots obtained by LMG- 150. Moreover roots from LMG-150 showed increased growth index, length of primary roots and number of secondary and tertiary roots. The roots derived from LMG-150 were studied for total endogenous IAA and IAAO activity under the exogenous administration of polyamines and fungal elicitors. The treatment with putrescine (Put) at 1.5 mM level showed maximum endogenous IAA levels and IAAO activity as compared to the control and other polyamine administration, it also supported faster growth in terms of biomass accumulation, and total coumarin production. Of the various treatments, mycelial extract (ME) and culture media filtrate (CMF) of Pythium aphanidermatum and Phytopthora parasitica var. nicotiana, the treatment with 1 % CMF of P. parasitica var. nicotiana, resulted in maximum IAA levels and IAAO activity, which was supported by maximum biomass, coumarin production as compared to the control and other elicitor treatments. Two different regenerants of chicory obtained through A. rhizogenes LMG-150 designated as T-I and T-II, were studied for total endogenous IAA levels and IAAO activity. T-II showed higher titers of IAA with higher activity of IAAO as compared to T-I. Endogenous titer of IAA and IAAO activity was found to be maximum in transformed roots as compared to T-I, T-II, normal roots and normal plants. Our work showed a variation in endogenous auxin levels in these transformed plants. There exists a synergistic effect of endogenous IAA titers and polyamines in regulating root morphogenesis. Fungal elicitors influenced growth and coumarin production and an elicitor preparation of 1 % CMF of P. parasitica var. nicotiana gave spontaneous regeneration of shoots. The implications of these results are discussed.

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Abbreviations

IAAO:

indole-3 acetic acid oxidase

Pas:

polyamines

2-iP:

2’3’O-isopropylidene adenosine

BAP:

benzylaminopurine

T-I:

transformant 1

T-II:

transformant II

NP:

normal plant

NR:

normal roots

TR:

transformed roots

PCA:

perchloric acid

CMF:

culture media filtrate

ME:

mycelial extract

Put:

putrescine

Spd:

spermidine

Spm:

spermine

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  1. Harsh Pal Bais

    Present address: Department of Horticulture, Colorado State University, 205 Shepardson, C0-80523, Fort Collins, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Cell Biotechnology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, 570 013, Mysore, India

    Harsh Pal Bais & G. A. Ravishankar

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Correspondence to Harsh Pal Bais.

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Bais, H.P., Ravishankar, G.A. Synergistic effect of auxins and polyamines in hairy roots of Cichorium intybus L. during growth, coumarin production and morphogenesis. Acta Physiol Plant 25, 193–208 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-003-0053-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-003-0053-9

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