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Challenges and opportunities for neuroimaging in young patients with traumatic brain injury: a coordinated effort towards advancing discovery from the ENIGMA pediatric moderate/severe TBI group

  • SI: ENIGMA TBI
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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in children in both developed and developing nations. Children and adolescents suffer from TBI at a higher rate than the general population, and specific developmental issues require a unique context since findings from adult research do not necessarily directly translate to children. Findings in pediatric cohorts tend to lag behind those in adult samples. This may be due, in part, both to the smaller number of investigators engaged in research with this population and may also be related to changes in safety laws and clinical practice that have altered length of hospital stays, treatment, and access to this population. The ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Pediatric Moderate/Severe TBI (msTBI) group aims to advance research in this area through global collaborative meta-analysis of neuroimaging data. In this paper, we discuss important challenges in pediatric TBI research and opportunities that we believe the ENIGMA Pediatric msTBI group can provide to address them. With the paucity of research studies examining neuroimaging biomarkers in pediatric patients with TBI and the challenges of recruiting large numbers of participants, collaborating to improve statistical power and to address technical challenges like lesions will significantly advance the field. We conclude with recommendations for future research in this field of study.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to acknowledge multiple funding sources, including the following: K99 NS096116 to Dr. Dennis, NHMRC Career Development Fellowship and an ACURF Program grant by the Australian Catholic University (ACU) to Dr. Caeyenberghs, NRF SARChI Chair of Clinical Neurosciences to Dr. Figaji, NICHD R43HD09703901 to Dr. Levin, R01 HD088438 to Dr. Max, and U54 EB020403, R01 MH116147, R56 AG058854, P41 EB015922, R01 MH111671 to Dr. Thompson. Dr. Yeates is supported by the Ronald and Irene Ward Chair in Pediatric Brain Injury, funded by the Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation. The authors wish to acknowledge the leadership of Dr. Paul Thompson (ENIGMA PI) as well as the leadership of Drs. Frank Hillary, Alexander Olsen, Inga Koerte, David Baron, Alexander Lin, Brenda Bartnik-Olson, Carrie Esopenko, and Neda Jahanshad, as well as ENIGMA support personnel and all working group members and contributors. We alos wish to acknowledge the constructive feedback and suggestions of anonymous reviewers. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the participation of the children and family members and the efforts of our many colleagues that make this work possible.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Emily L Dennis, Erin D Bigler, Naomi J Goodrich-Hunsaker, Cooper B Hodges, Hannah M Lindsey, Tricia L Merkley, Brandon A Zielinski, David F Tate & Elisabeth A Wilde

  2. Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Emily L Dennis, Sophia I Thomopoulos & Paul M Thompson

  3. Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Emily L Dennis

  4. Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia

    Karen Caeyenberghs & Nicholas P Ryan

  5. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Robert F Asarnow & Talin Babikian

  6. Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Robert F Asarnow

  7. Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Robert F Asarnow

  8. UCLA Steve Tisch BrainSPORT Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Talin Babikian & Christopher C Giza

  9. Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    Brenda Bartnik-Olson

  10. Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

    Erin D Bigler, Naomi J Goodrich-Hunsaker, Cooper B Hodges, Hannah M Lindsey, Tricia L Merkley & David F Tate

  11. Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

    Erin D Bigler & Tricia L Merkley

  12. Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Anthony Figaji

  13. Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Anthony Figaji

  14. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Christopher C Giza

  15. George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Naomi J Goodrich-Hunsaker, Cooper B Hodges, Hannah M Lindsey, David F Tate & Elisabeth A Wilde

  16. Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA

    Kristen R Hoskinson

  17. Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA

    Kristen R Hoskinson

  18. Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Emma Neuroscience Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Marsh Königs

  19. H. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Harvey S Levin, Mary R Newsome, Matthew S Spruiell & Elisabeth A Wilde

  20. Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Harvey S Levin & Mary R Newsome

  21. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, Israel

    Abigail Livny

  22. Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, Israel

    Abigail Livny

  23. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey E Max

  24. Department of Psychiatry, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey E Max

  25. Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Alexander Olsen

  26. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

    Alexander Olsen

  27. Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Nicholas P Ryan

  28. Department of Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia

    Nicholas P Ryan

  29. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Stacy J Suskauer

  30. Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Stacy J Suskauer

  31. Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Ashley L Ware & Keith Owen Yeates

  32. Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Learning Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Christopher G Watson

  33. Hospital for Sick Children, Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Toronto, Canada

    Anne L Wheeler

  34. Physiology Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Anne L Wheeler

  35. Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Keith Owen Yeates

  36. Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Keith Owen Yeates

  37. Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Brandon A Zielinski

  38. Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and Ophthalmology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Paul M Thompson

  39. Missouri Institute of Mental Health and University of Missouri, St Louis, MO, USA

    David F Tate

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  1. Emily L Dennis
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  2. Karen Caeyenberghs
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Correspondence to Emily L Dennis.

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Conflicts of Interest

Dr. Max and Dr. Giza report medico-legal consultation approximately equally for plaintiffs and defendants at approximately 10%. Dr. Thompson received partial research support from Biogen, Inc. for research unrelated to this manuscript.

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Dennis, E.L., Caeyenberghs, K., Asarnow, R.F. et al. Challenges and opportunities for neuroimaging in young patients with traumatic brain injury: a coordinated effort towards advancing discovery from the ENIGMA pediatric moderate/severe TBI group. Brain Imaging and Behavior 15, 555–575 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-020-00363-x

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