Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A randomized energy-conservation protocol for resilient sensor networks*

  • Published:
Wireless Networks Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we present PEAS, a randomized energy-conservation protocol that seeks to build resilient sensor networks in the presence of frequent, unexpected node failures. PEAS extends the network lifetime by maintaining a necessary set of working nodes and turning off redundant ones, which wake up after randomized sleeping times and replace failed ones when needed. The fully localized operations of PEAS are based on each individual node's observation of its local environment but do not require per neighbor state at any node; this allows PEAS to scale to very dense node deployment. PEAS is highly robust against node failures due to its simple operations and randomized design; it also ensures asymptotic connectivity. Our simulations and analysis show that PEAS can maintain an adequate working node density in presence of as high as 38% node failures, and a roughly constant overhead of less than 1% of the total energy consumption under various deployment densities. It extends a sensor network's functioning time in linear proportional to the deployed sensor population.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler and K. Pister, system architecture directions for networked sensors, in: International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS-IX), (2000).

  2. Single chip sensor nodes,” http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jhill/spec/,(2003).

  3. Y. Xu, J. Heidemann and D. Estrin, Geography informed energy conmservation for ad hoc Routing, in: ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM' 01), (2001).

  4. B. Chen, K. Jamieson, H. Balakrishnan and R. Morris, SPAN: An energy efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks, MOBICOM 2001.

  5. A. Cerpa and D. Estrin, Ascent: Adaptive self-configuring sensor networks topologies, in: Proceedings of the Twenty First International Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM 2002), New York, NY, USA (June 2002).

  6. Y. Xu, J. Heidemann and D. Destrin, Adaptive energy-conserving routing for multihop ad hoc networks,USC/ISI Research Report 527, (Oct. 2000).

  7. F. Ye, G. Zhong, S. Lu and L. Zhang, A Robust data delivery protocol for large scale sensor networks, in: IPSN (2003).

  8. C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan and D. Estrin, Directed diffusion: A scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks, in: ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM'00) (2000).

  9. S. Ross, Introduction to Probability Models (6th ed.) (Acedemic Press, 1997).

  10. D.M. Blough and P. Santi, “Investigating upper bounds on network lifetime extension for cell-based energy conservation techniques in stationary ad hoc networks, MOBICOM (2002).

  11. Parallel computing Laboratory, Computer Science Department, UCLA, http://pcl.cs.ucla.edu/projects/parsec/.

  12. F. Ye, S. Lu and L. Zhang, “GRAdient Broadcast: A robust, long-lived large sensor network,” http://irl.cs.ucla.edu/papers/grab-tech-report.ps (2001).

  13. D. Tian and N.D. Georganas, A coverage-preserving node scheduling scheme for large wireless sensor networks, in: First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications, Georgia, GA (2002).

  14. H. Gupta, S. Das and Q. Gu, “Connected sensor cover: self-organization of sensor networks for efficient query execution,” in Proc. of Mobihoc (2003).

  15. X. Wang, G. Xing, Y. Zhang, C. Lu, R. Pless and C. Gill, Integrated coverage and connectivity configuration in wireless sensor networks, in: ACM Sensys'03 (Nov. 2003).

  16. H. Zhang and J.C. Hou, “Maintaining sensing coverage and connectivity in large sensor networks, in: International Workshop on Theoretical and Algorithmic Aspects of Sensor, ad hoc Wireless and Peer-to-Peer networks (Feb. 2004), also a technical report with reference number UIUCDCS-R-2003-2351 in the department of computer science, university of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

  17. C. Schurgers, V. Tsiatsis, S. Ganeriwal and M. B. Srivastava, Optimizing sensor networks in the energy-latency-density design space, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 1 (1) (2002).

  18. W. Ye, J. Heidemann and D. Estrin, An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor Networks, in: proceedings of the 21st International Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM 2002), New York, NY, USA (June, 2002).

  19. S. Singh and C. Raghavendra, PAMAS: Power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks, ACM Computer Communication Review, 28 (3) 5–26 (July 1998).

  20. K. Sohrabi and G. Pottie, Performance of a novel self-organization protocol for wireless ad hoc sensor networks, in: Proceedings of IEEE VTC, Amsterdam, Netherlands (Sept. 1999).

  21. G. Pottie and W. Kaiser, Wireless integrated network sensors, Communications of the ACM, 43 (5), 51–8, (May 2000).

  22. J. Agre, L. Clare, G. Pottie, and N. Romanov, Development platform for self-organizing wireless sensor networks, in: Proc. SPIE, Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications, 3713, pp. 257–268.

  23. J. Kahn, R. Katz and K. Pister, Next Century Challenges: Mobile Networking for Smart Dust, in: ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MOBICOM'99 1999).

  24. F. Bennett, D. Clarke, J.B. Evans, A. Hopper, A. Jones and D. Leask, Piconet: Embedded Mobile networking, IEEE Personal Communications Magazine, 4 (5) 8–15. (Oct. 1997).

  25. V. Kolchin, B. Sevast'yanov and V. Chistyakov, Random Allocations. V.H. Winston and Sons, 1978.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. IBM T.J. Watson Research, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10572

    Fan Ye

  2. Computer Science Department, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1596

    Songwu Lu & Lixia Zhang

  3. Computer Science Department, UIUC, Urbana, IL, 61801-2302

    Honghai Zhang & Jennifer Hou

Authors
  1. Fan Ye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Honghai Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Songwu Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lixia Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jennifer Hou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fan Ye.

Additional information

Fan Ye received his B.E. in Automatic Control in 1996 and M.S. in Computer Science in 1999, both from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science in 2004 from UCLA. He is currently with IBM Research. His research interests are in wireless networks, sensor networks and security.

Honghai Zhang received his BS in Computer Science in 1998 from University of Science and Technology of China. He received his MS and Ph.D. in Computer Science from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is currently with the Wireless Advanced Technology Lab of Lucent Technologies. His research interests are wireless networks, WiMAX, and VoIP over wireless networks.

Songwu Lu received both his M.S. and Ph.D. from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is currently an associate professor at UCLA Computer Science. He received NSF CAREER award in 2001. His research interests include wireless networking, mobile computing, wireless security, and computer networks.

Lixia Zhang received her Ph.D in computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She was a member of the research staff at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center before joining the faculty of UCLA’s Computer Science Department in 1995. In the past she has served on the Internet Architecture Board, Co-Chair of IEEE Communication Society Internet Technical Committee, the editorial board for the IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, and technical program committees for many networking-related conferences including SIGCOMM and INFOCOM. Zhang is currently serving as the vice chair of ACM SIGCOMM.

Jennifer C. Hou received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in 1993 and is currently a professor in the Department of Computer Science at University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC). Prior to joining UIUC, she has taught at Ohio State University and University of Wisconsin - Madison. Dr. Hou has worked in the the areas of network modeling and simualtion, wireless-enabled software infrastructure for assisted living, and capacity optimization in wireless networks. She was a recipient of an ACM Recognition of Service, a Cisco University Research Award, a Lumley Research Award from Ohio State University, and a NSF CAREER award.

*A Shorter version of this paper appeared in ICDCS 2003.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ye, F., Zhang, H., Lu, S. et al. A randomized energy-conservation protocol for resilient sensor networks*. Wireless Netw 12, 637–652 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-006-6058-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-006-6058-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation