Abstract
Evaporation of colloidal suspension in two-dimensional (2D) porous media leads to the formation of self-assembled clogging structures (SCS). The self-assembly pattern is studied with a hybrid two-phase lattice Boltzmann method incorporating non-isothermal phase change, particle transport and deposition models. During drying, particles accumulate along the liquid–vapor interface while colloidal suspension is evaporating. Upon reaching a certain local concentration threshold, the particles deposit and form a solid structure. The patterns formed by these structures are analyzed in different 2D porous media. In small porous systems of 4 pillars, the self-assembly of C-shaped and X-shaped structures is observed, which compares well with experimental bridge configurations. SCS in porous media of three different initial particle concentrations and of three different porosities are studied in larger porous systems. Simulated self-assembled clogging configurations show good qualitative matches with experimental configuration results. Particle concentration and porosity are both seen to affect the dynamic drying processes as well as the final self-assembled clogging configuration. The liquid configuration and the clogging structure affect each other mutually during drying. With initial concentration increasing from C0 = 0.00 to C0 = 0.16 at a given porosity \( \phi_{0} = 0.68 \), the average evaporation rate and porosity decrease by 21.9% and 1.9%, respectively, due to blockage of pores. With increasing initial porosity from \( \phi_{0} = 0.53 \) to \( \phi_{0} = 0.81 \) at a given concentration of C0 = 0.16, the average evaporation rate increases by a factor of 2.9 due to larger liquid–vapor interfacial area. Also with the given concentration of C0 = 0.16, the decrease in the porosity (0.94%, 1.9% and 2.7%) is higher for higher initial porosity (\( \phi_{0} = 0.53, \, 0.68,{\text{ and }}0.81 \)), since more particles (proportional to \( \phi_{0} \cdot C_{0} \)) are initially present. This work opens the door for numerically assisted design of colloid-deposition-based clogging patterns.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allain, C., Limat, L.: Regular patterns of cracks formed by directional drying of a collodial suspension. Phys. Rev. Lett. 74(15), 2981–2984 (1995)
Bhardwaj, R., Fang, X., Somasundaran, P., Attinger, D.: Self-assembly of colloidal particles from evaporating droplets: role of DLVO interactions and proposition of a phase diagram. Langmuir 26(11), 7833–7842 (2010)
Bizien, T., Even-Hernandez, P., Postic, M., Mazari, E., Chevance, S., Bondon, A., Hamon, C., Troadec, D., Largeau, L., Dupuis, C., Gosse, C., Artzner, F., Marchi, V.: Peptidic ligands to control the three-dimensional self-assembly of quantum rods in aqueous media. Small 10(18), 3707–3716 (2014)
Boles, M.A., Engel, M., Talapin, D.V.: Self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals: from intricate structures to functional materials. Chem. Rev. 116(18), 11220–11289 (2016)
Brunschwiler, T., Zürcher, J., Del Carro, L., Schlottig, G., Burg, B., Zimmermann, S., Zschenderlein, U., Wunderle, B., Schindler-Saefkow, F., Stässle, R.: Review on percolating and neck-based underfills for three-dimensional chip stacks. J. Electron. Packag. 138(4), 041009 (2016)
Deegan, R.D., Bakajin, O., Dupont, T.F., Huber, G., Nagel, S.R., Witten, T.A.: Capillary flow as the cause of ring stains from dried liquid drops. Nature 389(6653), 827–829 (1997)
Dufresne, E.R., Corwin, E.I., Greenblatt, N.A., Ashmore, J., Wang, D.Y., Dinsmore, A.D., Cheng, J.X., Xie, X.S., Hutchinson, J.W., Weitz, D.A.: Flow and fracture in drying nanoparticle suspensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(22), 1–4 (2003)
Fatt, I.: The network model of porous media. Pet. Trans. AIME 207, 144–181 (1956)
Guglielmini, L., Gontcharov, A., Aldykiewicz, A.J., Stone, H.A.: Drying of salt solutions in porous materials: intermediate-time dynamics and efflorescence. Phys. Fluids 20(7), 077101 (2008)
Hamon, C., Postic, M., Mazari, E., Bizien, T., Dupuis, C., Even-Hernandez, P., Jimenez, A., Courbin, L., Gosse, C., Artzner, F., Marchi-Artzner, V.: Three-dimensional self-assembling of gold nanorods with controlled macroscopic shape and local smectic B order. ACS Nano 6(5), 4137–4146 (2012)
Huang, H., Lu, X.: Relative permeabilities and coupling effects in steady-state gas-liquid flow in porous media: a lattice Boltzmann study. Phys. Fluids 21(9), 092104 (2009)
Joshi, A.S., Sun, Y.: Wetting dynamics and particle deposition for an evaporating colloidal drop: a lattice Boltzmann study. Phys. Rev. E 82(4), 041401 (2010)
Kang, Q., Zhang, D., Chen, S.: Unified lattice Boltzmann method for flow in multiscale porous media. Phys. Rev. E 66(5), 1–11 (2002)
Kaya, D., Belyi, V.A., Muthukumar, M.: Pattern formation in drying droplets of polyelectrolyte and salt. J. Chem. Phys. 133(11), 114905 (2010)
Keita, E., Faure, P., Rodts, S., Coussot, P.: MRI evidence for a receding-front effect in drying porous media. Phys. Rev. E 87(6), 1–6 (2013)
Lauga, E., Brenner, M.P.: Evaporation-driven assembly of colloidal particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93(23), 1–4 (2004)
Ledesma-Aguilar, R., Vella, D., Yeomans, J.M.: Lattice-Boltzmann simulations of droplet evaporation. Soft Matter 10(41), 8267–8275 (2014)
Li, Q., Zhou, P., Yan, H.J.: Pinning–depinning mechanism of the contact line during evaporation on chemically patterned surfaces: a lattice Boltzmann study. Langmuir 32(37), 9389–9396 (2016)
Mazloomi, A., Chikatamarla, S.S., Karlin, I.V.: Entropic lattice Boltzmann method for multiphase flows. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114(17), 1–5 (2015)
Mazloomi Moqaddam, A., Derome, D., Carmeliet, J.: Dynamics of contact line pinning and depinning of droplets evaporating on micro-ribs. Langmuir 34, 5635–5645 (2018)
Metzger, T., Tsotsas, E.: Viscous stabilization of drying front: three-dimensional pore network simulations. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 86(7), 739–744 (2008)
Panizza, P., Postic, M., Courbin, L., Raffy, G., Artzner, F.: Formation and growth of labyrinthine drying patterns in 2-D porous media. In: EFMC11 11th European Fluid Mechanics Conference 2016 Sep 12 (2016)
Park, J., Moon, J.: Control of colloidal particle deposit patterns within picoliter droplets ejected by ink-jet printing. Langmuir 22(8), 3506–3513 (2006)
Prat, M.: Pore network models of drying, contact angle, and film flows. Chem. Eng. Technol. 34(7), 1029–1038 (2011)
Qin, F., Mazloomi Moqaddam, A., Kang, Q., Derome, D., Carmeliet, J.: Entropic multiple-relaxation-time multirange pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann model for two-phase flow. Phys. Fluids 30, 032104 (2018)
Rad, M.N., Shokri, N.: Nonlinear effects of salt concentrations on evaporation from porous media. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(4), 1–5 (2012)
Sanmartin, F.A., Laurindo, J.B., Segura, L.A.: Pore-scale simulation of drying of a porous media saturated with a sucrose solution. Dry. Technol. 29(8), 873–887 (2011)
Scherer, G.W.: Stress from crystallization of salt. Cem. Concr. Res. 34(9), 1613–1624 (2004)
Seo, C., Jang, D., Chae, J., Shin, S.: Altering the coffee-ring effect by adding a surfactant-like viscous polymer solution. Sci. Rep. 7(1), 1–9 (2017)
Stadler, R., Carro, L.D., Zurcher, J., Schlottig, G., Studart, A.R., Brunschwiler, T.: Direct investigation of microparticle self-assembly to improve the robustness of neck formation in thermal underfills. In: IEEE ITHERM Conference, pp. 167–173 (2017)
Surasani, V.K., Metzger, T., Tsotsas, E.: A non-isothermal pore network drying model with gravity effect. Transp. Porous Media 80(3), 431–439 (2009)
Vorhauer, N., Wang, Y.J., Kharaghani, A., Tsotsas, E., Prat, M.: Drying with formation of capillary rings in a model porous medium. Transp. Porous Media 110(2), 197–223 (2015)
Yiotis, A.G., Stubos, A.K., Boudouvis, A.G., Yortsos, Y.C.: A 2-D pore-network model of the drying of single-component liquids in porous media. Adv. Water Resour. 24(3–4), 439–460 (2001)
Yiotis, A.G., Stubos, A.K., Boudouvis, A.G., Tsimpanogiannis, N., Yortsos, Y.C.: Pore-network modeling of isothermal drying in porous media. In: Upscaling Multiph. Flow Porous Media From Pore to Core Beyond, pp. 63–86 (2005)
Yunker, P.J., Still, T., Lohr, M.A., Yodh, A.G.: Suppression of the coffee-ring effect by shape-dependent capillary interactions. Nature 476(7360), 308–311 (2011)
Zhao, M., Yong, X.: Modeling evaporation and particle assembly in colloidal droplets. Langmuir 33(23), 5734–5744 (2017)
Zurcher, J., Chen, X., Burg, B.R., Zimmermann, S., Straessle, R., Studart, A.R., Brunschwiler, T.: Enhanced percolating thermal underfills achieved by means of nanoparticle bridging necks. IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol. 6(12), 1785–1795 (2016)
Acknowledgements
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF, Project No. 160189) is acknowledged for the financial support. LANL Institutional Computing Program is acknowledged for providing the computing support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qin, F., Mazloomi Moqaddam, A., Kang, Q. et al. LBM Simulation of Self-Assembly of Clogging Structures by Evaporation of Colloidal Suspension in 2D Porous Media. Transp Porous Med 128, 929–943 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-018-1157-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-018-1157-4