Abstract
Anthocyanins play important role in plant protection and were closely involved with the plant evolution. Anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) is a late key enzyme in the flavonoid pathway which can catalyze leucoanthocyanidins to anthocyanidins. By our study, we found a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) inserting in the promoter of ANS gene of mulberry. We used strawberry to evaluate the activities of ANS promoters from Morus alba and Morus notabilis with the method of Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. The expression patterns of different promoters were also analyzed in transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana and in this study, GUS was used as reporter gene. The 564-bp MITE insertion was strongly required for the activities of ANS promoter and it may reprogram the expression profiles of ANS gene in mulberry. Our results suggested that the MITE insertion was probably involved in either domestication or natural selection.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province (QKHSY[2015]3030), Fund of Guizhou for Construction of First-class Discipline in China (GNYL(2017)008), the Specialized Fund for the Top Talent of Science and Technology in colleges and universities in Guizhou (Grant No.[2016]075), and the Scientific and Technological Projects of Guizhou Province (Grant No.[2016]1401).
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Jun Li, Changying Liu, and Xiaoqing Liu designed the experiments and drafted the manuscript. Maode Yu and Aichun Zhao collected plant materials. Xiangyun Chen and Yaofeng Li performed identification of MITE. Changying Liu and Jun Li performed the constructing of plasmids and analysis of enzyme activities. Jun Li finished the transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana and histochemical assay. Changying Liu performed the real-time PCR experiments and analyzed the data. Xiangyun Chen and Yaofeng Li modified the manuscript.
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Li, J., Liu, C., Zhao, A. et al. A MITE Insertion in the Promoter Region of Anthocyanidin Synthase from Morus alba L.. Plant Mol Biol Rep 36, 188–194 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-018-1069-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-018-1069-z