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2D space–time wave-digital multi-fan filter banks for signals consisting of multiple plane waves

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Abstract

Two dimensional space–time fan filters may be used for the highly-selective enhancement of spatio-temporal plane-waves on the basis of their directions of arrival. Unlike uniform bandwidth beam filters, ideal fan filters transmit passband signals over a range of directions of arrival that is independent of their 1D temporal spectrum. In this work, closed-form 2D wave-digital filter design equations and corresponding hardware architectures are proposed for realizing M independent fan-shaped passbands having independently steerable directionality and selectivity. A design method based on LCR ladder networks is proposed and implemented using a 2D time-multiplexed raster-scanned architecture that is suitable for low frequency applications such as audio, multimedia, seismic and ultrasonic beamforming. The architectures are designed, simulated, physically realized and tested on FPGA-based prototypes. Examples of 2D IIR M-fan filterbanks with FPGA implementations, together with measured results from on-chip hardware verifications, show the successful design and hardware realization. The filterbanks and hardware architectures are shown to be suitable for real-time sensor-array beamforming applications using custom VLSI circuits.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA

    Nilanka Rajapaksha & Arjuna Madanayake

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Leonard T. Bruton

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  1. Nilanka Rajapaksha
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  2. Arjuna Madanayake
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  3. Leonard T. Bruton
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Correspondence to Arjuna Madanayake.

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Rajapaksha, N., Madanayake, A. & Bruton, L.T. 2D space–time wave-digital multi-fan filter banks for signals consisting of multiple plane waves. Multidim Syst Sign Process 25, 17–39 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-012-0183-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11045-012-0183-6

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