Abstract
Colonisation plays a central role in both the initial occupancy of a region through range expansions as well as in metapopulations, where local extinctions are balanced by re-colonisations. In this paper, we review the effects that colonisation is expected to have on patterns of genetic variation within a species, and we draw attention to the possibility of interpreting these patterns as signatures of colonisation in the past. We briefly review theoretical predictions for the effect of colonisation on both neutral genetic diversity and on variation at genetic loci that regulate the sexual system of plant populations. The sexual system represents a particularly important trait in this context because it is affected by both selection during colonisation, and because it influences gene flow amongst populations. Finally, we introduce four case studies of plant species that show variation in their sexual systems that is consistent with theoretical predictions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F. Austerlitz B. Jung-Muller B. Godelle P.H. Gouyon (1997) ArticleTitleEvolution of coalescence times, genetic diversity and structure during colonization Theoretical Population Biology 51 148–164 Occurrence Handle10.1006/tpbi.1997.1302
F. Austerlitz S. Mariette N. Machon P.H. Gouyon B. Godelle (2000) ArticleTitleEffects of colonization processes on genetic diversity: differences between annual plants and tree species Genetics 154 1309–1321 Occurrence Handle10757772 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3itFOgtw%3D%3D
J.C. Avise (2000) Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA, USA
H.G. Baker (1953) ArticleTitleRace formation and reproductive methods in flowering plants SEB Symposia 7 114–145
H.G. Baker (1955) ArticleTitleSelf-compatibility and establishment after “long-distance” dispersal Evolution 9 347–348 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2405656
S.C.H. Barrett (1985) ArticleTitleFloral trimorphism and monomorphism in continental and island populations of Eichornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms. (Pontederiaceae) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 25 41–60
S.C.H. Barrett (2002) ArticleTitleThe evolution of plant sexual diversity Nature Reviews Genetics 3 274–284 Occurrence Handle11967552 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtFOrtrk%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/nrg776
S.C.H. Barrett M.T. Morgan B.C. Husband (1989) ArticleTitleThe dissolution of a complex genetic polymorphism: the evolution of self-fertilization in tristylous Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae) Evolution 43 1398–1416 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2409456
S.C.H. Barrett J.R. Pannell (1999) Metapopulation dynamics and mating-system evolution in plants P. Hollingsworth R. Bateman R. Gornall (Eds) Molecular Systematics and Plant Evolution Chapman and Hall London, UK 74–100
A.H.D. Brown (1979) ArticleTitleEnzyme polymorphism in plant populations Theoretical Population Biology 15 1–42 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0040-5809(79)90025-X
J.M. Bullock I.L. Moy R. Pywell S.J. Coulson A.M. Nolan H. Caswell (2002) Plant dispersal and colonisation processes at local and landscape scales J.M. Bullock R.E. Kenward R. Hails (Eds) Dispersal Ecology Blackwell Science Oxford
D. Charlesworth (2003) ArticleTitleEffects of inbreeding on the genetic diversity of populations Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 358 1051–1070 Occurrence Handle12831472 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmtF2lsrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1098/rstb.2003.1296
B. Charlesworth D. Charlesworth N.H. Barton (2003) ArticleTitleThe effects of genetic and geographic structure on neutral variation Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics 34 99–125 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132359
B. Charlesworth M. Nordborg D. Charlesworth (1997) ArticleTitleThe effects of local selection, balanced polymorphism and background selection on equilibrium patterns of genetic diversity in subdivided populations Genetical Research 70 155–174 Occurrence Handle9449192 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c7htVymsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1017/S0016672397002954
D. Charlesworth J.R. Pannell (2001) Mating systems and population genetic structure in the light of coalescent theory J. Silvertown J. Antonovics (Eds) Integrating Ecological and Evolutionary Processes in a Spatial Context Blackwells Oxford, UK 73–95
M.B. Cruzan A.R. Templeton (2000) ArticleTitlePaleoecology and coalescence: phylogeographic analysis of hypotheses from the fossil record Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15 491–496 Occurrence Handle11114435 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01998-4
M.E. Dorken S.C.H. Barrett (2003) ArticleTitleLife-history differentiation and the maintenance of monoecy and dioecy in Sagittaria latifolia (Alismataceae) Evolution 57 1973–1988 Occurrence Handle14575320 Occurrence Handle10.1554/02-768
M.E. Dorken S.C.H. Barrett (2004) ArticleTitleChloroplast haplotype variation among monoecious and dioecious populations of Sagittaria latifolia (Alismataceae) in eastern North America Molecular Ecology 13 2699–2707 Occurrence Handle15315682 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotlemtbY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02246.x
M.E. Dorken C.G. Eckert (2001) ArticleTitleSeverely reduced sexual reproduction in northern populations of a clonal plantDecodon verticillatus (Lythraceae) Journal of Ecology 89 339–350 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2745.2001.00558.x
M.E. Dorken J. Friedman S.C.H. Barrett (2002) ArticleTitleThe evolution and maintenance of monoecy and dioecy in Sagittaria latifolia (Alismataceae) Evolution 56 31–41 Occurrence Handle11915852 Occurrence Handle10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[0031:TEAMOM]2.0.CO;2
B. Durand (1963) ArticleTitleLe complexe Mercurialis annua L. s.l.: une étude biosystématique Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique Paris 12 579–736
C.G. Eckert M.E. Dorken S.A. Mitchell (1999) ArticleTitleLoss of sex in clonal populations of a flowering plantDecodon verticillatus (Lythraceae) Evolution 53 1079–1092 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2640813
R.P. Freckleton A.R. Watkinson (2002) ArticleTitleLarge-scale spatial dynamics of plants: metapopulations, regional ensembles and patchy populations Journal of Ecology 90 419–434 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00692.x
O.E. Gaggiotti S.P. Brooks W. Amos J. Harwood (2004) ArticleTitleCombining demographic, environmental and genetic data to test hypotheses about colonization events in metapopulations Molecular Ecology 13 811–825 Occurrence Handle15012757 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2c7itlehsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.02028.x
D.E. Glover S.C.H. Barrett (1987) ArticleTitleGenetic variation in continental and island populations of Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae) Heredity 59 7–17
D.B. Goldstein C. Schlötterer (1999) Microsatellites: Evolution and Applications Oxford University Press Oxford, UK
W.D. Hamilton (1967) ArticleTitleExtraordinary sex ratios Science 156 477–488 Occurrence Handle6021675 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:CCiC38bns1A%3D
J.L. Hamrick M.J.W. Godt (1996) ArticleTitleEffects of life history traits on genetic diversity in plant species Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 351 1291–1298
D.L. Hartl A.G. Clark (1997) Principles of Population Genetics EditionNumber3 Sinauer Associates Sunderland, MA, USA
G. Hewitt (2000) ArticleTitleThe genetic legacy of the quaternary ice ages Nature 405 907–913 Occurrence Handle10879524 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXks1Wmu78%3D Occurrence Handle10.1038/35016000
Holderegger R., Kamm U. and Gugerli F. 2006. Adaptive vs. neutral genetic diversity: implications for landscape genetics. Landsc. Ecol. 21: 797–807.
B.C. Husband S.C.H. Barrett (1991) ArticleTitleColonisation history and population genetic structure of Eichhornia paniculata in Jamaica Heredity 66 287–296
B.C. Husband S.C.H. Barrett (1995) ArticleTitleEstimates of gene flow in Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae): effects of range substructure Heredity 75 549–560
A.R. Ives M.C. Whitlock (2002) ArticleTitleInbreeding and metapopulations Science 295 454–455 Occurrence Handle11799230 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnvVyjsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1068916
V. Le Corre A. Kremer (1998) ArticleTitleCumulative effects of founding events during colonisation on genetic diversity and differentiation in an island and stepping-stone model Journal of Evolutionary Biology 11 495–512 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s000360050102
G. Luikart F.W. Allendorf J.M. Cornuet W.B. Sherwin (1998a) ArticleTitleDistortion of allele frequency distributions provides a test for recent population bottlenecks Journal of Heredity 89 238–247 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1czitVKhsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jhered/89.3.238
G. Luikart W.B. Sherwin B.M. Steele F.W. Allendorf (1998b) ArticleTitleUsefulness of molecular markers for detecting population bottlenecks via monitoring genetic change Molecular Ecology 7 963–974 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cznslOnsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00414.x
S. Manel M.K. Schwartz G. Luikart P. Taberlet (2003) ArticleTitleLandscape genetics: combining landscape ecology and population genetics Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18 189–197 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00008-9
J. Maynard Smith J. Haigh (1974) ArticleTitleThe hitchhiking effect of a favourable gene Genetical Research Cambridge 219 23–35
D.E. McCauley R.A. Smith J.D. Lisenby C. Hsieh (2003) ArticleTitleThe hierarchical spatial distribution of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms across the introduced range of Silene vulgaris Molecular Ecology 12 3227–3235 Occurrence Handle14629341 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks1yrsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01992.x
M. Nei (1987) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Columbia University Press New York, NY, USA
M. Nordborg (2001) Coalescent theory D.J. Balding (Eds) Handbook of Statiscical Genetics Wiley Chichester, UK 179–212
I. Olivieri P.H. Gouyon M.E. Gilpin (1997) Evolution of migration rate and other traits: the metapopulation effect I. Hanski (Eds) Metapopulation Biology: Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution Academic Press San Diego, CA, USA 293–323
R.G. Olmstead J.D. Palmer (1994) ArticleTitleChloroplast DNA systematics – a review of methods and data analysis American Journal of Botany 81 1205–1224 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpvVCntA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.2307/2445483
M.S. Olson D.E. McCauley (2002) ArticleTitleMitochondrial DNA diversity, population structureand gender association in the gynodioecious plant Silene vulgaris Evolution 56 253–262 Occurrence Handle11926493 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xis1eltLc%3D Occurrence Handle10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[0253:MDDPSA]2.0.CO;2
N.J. Ouborg O. Eriksson (2004) Toward a metapopulation concept for plants I.A. Hanski O.E. Gaggiotti (Eds) Ecology, Genetics and Evolution of Metapopulations Elsevier San Diego, CA, USA 447–469
J. Pannell (1997) ArticleTitleThe maintenance of gynodioecy and androdioecy in a metapopulation Evolution 51 10–20 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2410955
J.R. Pannell (2001) ArticleTitleA hypothesis for the evolution of androdioecy: the joint influence of reproductive assurance and local mate competition in a metapopulation Evolutionary Ecology 14 195–211 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1011082827809
J.R. Pannell (2003) ArticleTitleThe coalescent in a metapopulation Evolution 57 949–961 Occurrence Handle12836814 Occurrence Handle10.1554/0014-3820(2003)057[0949:CIAMWR]2.0.CO;2
J.R. Pannell S.C.H. Barrett (1998) ArticleTitleBaker’s Law revisited: reproductive assurance in a metapopulation Evolution 52 657–668 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2411261
J.R. Pannell B. Charlesworth (1999) ArticleTitleNeutral genetic diversity in a metapopulation with recurrent local extinction and recolonization Evolution 53 664–676 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2640708
J.R. Pannell B. Charlesworth (2000) ArticleTitleEffects of metapopulation processes on measures of genetic diversity Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 355 1851–1864 Occurrence Handle11205346 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3ht1antw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1098/rstb.2000.0740
J.R. Pannell D.J. Obbard (2003) ArticleTitleProbing the primacy of the patch: what makes a metapopulation? Journal of Ecology 91 485–488 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00784.x
J.R. Pannell D.J. Obbard R.J.A. Buggs (2004) ArticleTitlePolyploidy and the sexual system: what can we learn from Mercurialis annua? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 82 547–560 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00340.x
R.J. Petit I. Aguinagalde J.L. de Beaulieu C. Bittkau S. Brewer R. Cheddadi R. Ennos S. Fineschi D. Grivet M. Lascoux A. Mohanty G.M. Muller-Starck B. Demesure-Musch A. Palme J.P. Martin S. Rendell G.G. Vendramin (2003) ArticleTitleGlacial refugia: hotspots but not melting pots of genetic diversity Science 300 1563–1565 Occurrence Handle12791991 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXktlKruro%3D Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1083264
E. Pollak (1987) ArticleTitleOn the theory of partially inbreeding finite populations. I. Partial selfing Genetics 117 353–360 Occurrence Handle3666446 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BieD3s%2FmsFw%3D
O. Pons R.J. Petit (1996) ArticleTitleMeasuring and testing genetic differentiation with ordered versus unordered alleles Genetics 144 1237–1245 Occurrence Handle8913764 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiD2s%2Fotlw%3D
J. Provan W. Powell P.M. Hollingsworth (2001) ArticleTitleChloroplast microsatellites: new tools for studies in plant ecology and evolution Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16 142–147 Occurrence Handle11179578 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0169-5347(00)02097-8
O. Ronce I. Olivieri (2004) Life-history evolution in metapopulations I. Hanski O.E. Gaggiotti (Eds) Metapopulation Biology Academic Press San Diego, CA, USA 227–257
K. Saltonstall (2003) ArticleTitleMicrosatellite variation within and among North American lineages of Phragmites australis Molecular Ecology 12 1689–1702 Occurrence Handle12803624 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvFChsLY%3D Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01849.x
B.A. Schaal J.F. Gaskin A.L. Caicedo (2003) ArticleTitlePhylogeography, haplotype trees, and invasive plant species Journal of Heredity 94 197–204 Occurrence Handle12816959 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3szkslajtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10.1093/jhered/esg060
B.A. Schaal D.A. Hayworth K.M. Olsen J.T. Rauscher W.A. Smith (1998) ArticleTitlePhylogeographic studies in plants: problems and prospects Molecular Ecology 7 465–474 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00318.x
M. Slatkin (1977) ArticleTitleGene flow and genetic drift in a species subject to frequent local extinction Theoretical Population Biology 12 253–262 Occurrence Handle601717 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:CSeD1MjitFQ%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/0040-5809(77)90045-4
G.L. Stebbins (1950) Variation and Evolution in Plants Columbia University Press New York
G.L. Stebbins (1957) ArticleTitleSelf-fertilization and population variability in the higher plants American Naturalist 91 337–354 Occurrence Handle10.1086/281999
I. Stehlik (2002) ArticleTitleGlacial history of the alpine herb Rumex nivalis (Polygonaceae): a comparison of common phylogeographic methods with nested clade analysis American Journal of Botany 89 2007–2016
D.R. Taylor S. Trimble D.E. McCauley (1999) ArticleTitleEcological genetics of gynodioecy in Silene vulgaris: relative fitness of females and hermaphrodites during the colonization process Evolution 53 745–751 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2640714
F.N.S. Tobler A. Davison O.G. Pybus D.D. Kapan S. Planas M. Linares D. Heckel W.O. McMillan (2004) ArticleTitleHistorical demography of Mullerian mimicry in the neotropical Heliconius butterflies Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 9704–9709 Occurrence Handle15210977 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.0306243101
M.J. Wade D.E. McCauley (1988) ArticleTitleExtinction and recolonization: their effects on the genetic differentiation of local populations Evolution 42 995–1005 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2408915
J. Wakeley (2004) Metapopulation genetics I. Hanski O.E. Gaggiotti (Eds) Metapopulation Biology Academic Press San Diego, CA, USA 175–198
J. Wakeley N. Aliacar (2001) ArticleTitleGene genealogies in a metapopulation Genetics 159 893–905 Occurrence Handle11606561 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrmtVGrug%3D%3D
M.C. Whitlock N.H. Barton (1997) ArticleTitleThe effective size of a subdivided population Genetics 146 427–441 Occurrence Handle9136031 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiB1c7nt1c%3D
M.C. Whitlock D.E. McCauley (1990) ArticleTitleSome population genetic consequences of colony formation and extinction: genetic correlations within founding groups Evolution 44 1717–1724 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2409501
M.C. Whitlock D.E. McCauley (1999) ArticleTitleIndirect measures of gene flow and migration: F ST ≠ 1/(4Nm + 1) Heredity 82 117–125 Occurrence Handle10098262 Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.hdy.6884960
J.W. Wooten (1971) ArticleTitleThe monoecious and dioecious conditions in Sagittaria latifolia L. (Alismataceae) Evolution 25 549–553 Occurrence Handle10.2307/2407354
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pannell, J.R., Dorken, M.E. Colonisation as a common denominator in plant metapopulations and range expansions: effects on genetic diversity and sexual systems. Landscape Ecol 21, 837–848 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-5389-7
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-5389-7