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Microcellular processing of polylactide–hyperbranched polyester–nanoclay composites

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Abstract

The effects of addition of hyperbranched polyesters (HBPs) and nanoclay on the material properties of both solid and microcellular polylactide (PLA) produced via a conventional and microcellular injection-molding process, respectively, were investigated. The effects of two different types of HBPs (i.e., Boltorn H2004® and Boltorn H20®) at the same loading level (i.e., 12%), and the same type of HBP at different loading levels (i.e., Boltorn H2004® at 6 and 12%), as well as the simultaneous addition of 12% Boltorn H2004® and 2% Cloisite®30B nanoclay (i.e., HBP–nanoclay) on the thermal and mechanical properties (both static and dynamic), and the cell morphology of the microcellular components were noted. The addition of HBPs and/or HBP with nanoclay decreased the average cell size, and increased the cell density. The stress–strain plots of all the solid and microcellular PLA-H2004 blends showed considerable strain softening and cold drawing, indicating a ductile fracture mode. Among the two HBPs, samples with Boltorn H2004® showed higher strain-at-break and specific toughness compared to Boltorn H20®. Moreover, the sample with Boltorn H2004® and nanoclay exhibited the highest strain-at-break (626% for solid and 406% for microcellular) and specific toughness (405% for solid and 334% for microcellular). Finally, the specific toughness, strain-at-break, and specific strength of microcellular samples were found to be lower than their solid counterparts.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the financial support from National Science Foundation (CMMI-0544729), the USDA Forest Products Laboratory for the use of its equipment to compound the materials and Perstorp Polyols Inc., USA for donating the Boltorn HBPs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Srikanth Pilla & Shaoqin Gong

  2. Department of Materials, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Shaoqin Gong

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Shaoqin Gong

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polymer Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Adam Kramschuster, Jungjoo Lee & Lih-Sheng Turng

  5. Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI, USA

    Craig Clemons

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  1. Srikanth Pilla
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  5. Shaoqin Gong
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Correspondence to Shaoqin Gong or Lih-Sheng Turng.

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Pilla, S., Kramschuster, A., Lee, J. et al. Microcellular processing of polylactide–hyperbranched polyester–nanoclay composites. J Mater Sci 45, 2732–2746 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4261-6

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