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Variation of acharan sulfate and monosaccharide composition and analysis of neutral N-glycans in African giant snail (Achatina fulica)

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Abstract

Acharan sulfate content from African giant snail (Achatina fulica) was compared in eggs and snails of different ages. Acharan sulfate was not found in egg. Acharan sulfate disaccharide →4)-α-d-GlcNpAc (1→4)-α-l-IdoAp2S(1→, analyzed by SAX (strong-anion exchange)–HPLC was observed soon after hatching and increases as the snails grow. Monosaccharide compositional analysis showed that mole % of glucosamine, a major monosaccharide of acharan sulfate, increased with age while mole % of galactose decreased with age. These results suggest that galactans represent a major energy source during development, while acharan sulfate appearing immediately after hatching, is essential for the snail growth. The structures of neutral N-glycans released from eggs by peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase F), were next elucidated using ESI-MS/MS, MALDI-MS/MS, enzyme digestion, and monosaccharide composition analysis. Three types of neutral N-glycan structures were observed, truncated (Hex2–4-HexNAc2), high mannose (Hex5–9-HexNAc2), and complex (Hex3-HexNAc2–10) types. None showed core fucosylation.

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Abbreviations

PNGase F:

peptide N-glycosidase F

MS:

mass spectrometry

ESI:

electrospray ionization

MALDI-TOF:

matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization—time of flight

SAX:

strong anion exchange

DHB:

2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid

2-PA:

2-pyridylamination

GlcNAc:

N-acetylglucosamine

GalNAc:

N-acetylgalactosamine

CID:

collision induced dissociation

Hex:

hexose

HexNAc:

N-acetylhexosamine

lacdiNAc:

GalNAc β1–4 GlcNAc

IdoA:

iduronic acid

GCC-SPE:

graphitized carbon column—solid phase extraction

GAG:

glycosaminoglycan

HPAEC-PAD:

high-pressure anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank Professor Toshihiko Toida of Chiba University for assistance in NMR interpretation. The authors also acknowledge funding from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (grants GM38060 and HL62244) to Robert J. Linhardt, and from the KOSEF grant RO1-1999-2-209-010-5 to YSK. This project was partially supported by the grant from National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Suwon, Republic of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology, and Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA

    Youmie Park, Zhenqing Zhang, Tatiana N. Laremore, Boyangzi Li & Robert J. Linhardt

  2. Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea

    Joon-Soo Sim, A-Rang Im & Yeong Shik Kim

  3. National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 225 Seodun-Dong, Suwon, 441-707, Republic of Korea

    Joon-Soo Sim

  4. Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, 61 Seodun-Dong, Suwon, 441-100, Republic of Korea

    Mi Young Ahn

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  1. Youmie Park
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Correspondence to Yeong Shik Kim or Robert J. Linhardt.

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Park, Y., Zhang, Z., Laremore, T.N. et al. Variation of acharan sulfate and monosaccharide composition and analysis of neutral N-glycans in African giant snail (Achatina fulica). Glycoconj J 25, 863–877 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-008-9149-1

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