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Genetic dissection of epistatic and QTL by environment interaction effects in three bread wheat genetic backgrounds for yield-related traits under saline conditions

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Abstract

Salt stress represents a major impediment to global wheat production. Development of wheat varieties that offer tolerance to salt stress would increase productivity. Here we report on the results of a genetic study of salt tolerance in bread wheat across multiple genetic backgrounds and environments, with the goal of identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for 9 yield-related traits that are both genetic background independent and environmentally stable. Three RIL populations derived from crosses between a super salt tolerant landrace (Roshan) and 3 bread-wheat cultivars (Falat, Sabalan, Superhead#2) that vary in salt tolerance were phenotyped in three environments. Genetic maps were constructed for each RIL population and independent analyses of each population/environment combination revealed significant associations of 92 genomic regions with the traits evaluated. Joint analyses of yield-related traits across all populations revealed a strong genetic background effect, with no QTLs shared across all genetic backgrounds. Fifty-seven QTLs identified in the independent analysis co-localized with those in the joint analysis. Overall, only 3 QTLs displayed significant epistatic interactions. Additionally, a total of 67 QTLs were identified in QTL analysis across environments, two of these (QSPL.3A, QBYI.7B-1) were both stable and not reported previously. Such novel and stable QTLs may accelerate marker-assisted breeding of new highly productive and salt tolerant bread-wheat varieties.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shahid-Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O.B. 76169-133, Kerman, Iran

    Mojtaba Jahani & Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad

  2. Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

    Babak Nakhoda

  3. Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

    Loren H. Rieseberg

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  1. Mojtaba Jahani
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  2. Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad
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  3. Babak Nakhoda
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  4. Loren H. Rieseberg
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Correspondence to Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad.

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Supplementary material 1 (XLSX 5224 kb)

Supplementary Figure 1

Schematic diagram of recombinant inbred line population development. Each individual is shown as a pair of homologous chromosomes (color coded by parent genome) in order to illustrate the genome of each RIL as a combination of different segments of its parental genomes (PDF 89 kb)

Supplementary Figure 2

Temperature and precipitation information of environments (Location-Year) for experiments (PDF 105 kb)

Supplementary Figure 3

Distribution of traits in 3 RIL populations across different environments. Plant height (PHT), spike length (SPL), spike weight (SPW), weight of kernels in plant (WKP), thousand kernel weight (TKW), spike per plant (SPP), grain yield per m2 (GYLD), biological yield per m2 (BYI), harvest index (HAI). (PDF 426 kb)

Supplementary Figure 4

Independent analysis, LOD profile of plant height (PHT), spike length (SPL), spike weight (SPW), weight of kernels in plant (WKP), thousand kernel weight (TKW), spikes per plant (SPP), grain yield per m2 (GYLD), biological yield per m2 (BYI), harvest index (HAI) in Roshan*Falat population at Kerman-2013, Kerman-2012, Yazd-2011 environments (PDF 359 kb)

Supplementary Figure 5

Independent analysis, LOD profile of plant height (PHT), spike length (SPL), spike weight (SPW), thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain yield per m2 (GYLD), biological yield per m2 (BYI), harvest index (HAI) in Roshan*Sabalan population at Kerman-2013, Kerman-2012, Yazd-2011 environments (PDF 327 kb)

Supplementary Figure 6

Independent analysis, LOD profile of plant height (PHT), spike length (SPL), thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain yield per m2 (GYLD), in Roshan*Superhead#2 population at Kerman-2013, Kerman-2012, Yazd-2011 environments (PDF 208 kb)

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Jahani, M., Mohammadi-Nejad, G., Nakhoda, B. et al. Genetic dissection of epistatic and QTL by environment interaction effects in three bread wheat genetic backgrounds for yield-related traits under saline conditions. Euphytica 215, 103 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2426-1

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