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Gene-Environment Contributions to Young Adult Sexual Partnering

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Abstract

To date, there has been relatively little work on gene-environment contributions to human sexuality, especially molecular analyses examining the potential contributions of specific polymorphisms in conjunction with life experiences. Using Wave III data from 717 heterozygous young adult sibling pairs included in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this article examined the combined contributions of attendance at religious services and three genetic polymorphisms (in the dopamine D4 receptor [DRD4]), dopamine D2 receptor [DRD2]), and the serotonin transporter promoter [5HTT]) to sensation seeking, a personality construct related to sexual behavior, and the number of vaginal sex partners participants had in the year before interview. Data analyses used an Allison mixed model approach to account for population stratification and correlated observations. DRD4 was unrelated to sensation seeking and to the number of sex partners in tests of both main effects and in interaction with religious attendance. Contrary to hypothesis, presence of the A1 DRD2 allele was associated with having had fewer sex partners in the past year. Associations between the 5HTT allele and sex partners varied by religious attendance, but again the patterns of associations were contrary to hypothesized relationships and were small in magnitude. These findings underscore the necessity of using more comprehensive multiple gene-multiple life experience approaches to investigations of complex behaviors such as sexual patterns.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this study is from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (Grant R01-DA14496, Denise Dion Halfors, principal investigator). This research uses data from Add Health, a program project designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris, and funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (a Grant P01-HD31921) with cooperative funding from 17 other agencies. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R. Rindfuss and Barbara Entwisle for assistance in the original design. Persons interested in obtaining data files from Add Health should contact Add Health, Carolina Population Center, 123 W. Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-2524 (www.cpc.unc.edu/addhealth/contract.html).

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  1. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #8120, 27599-7445, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Carolyn T. Halpern

  2. Department of Human Development, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia

    Christine E. Kaestle

  3. Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Guang Guo

  4. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Denise D. Hallfors

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  1. Carolyn T. Halpern
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Correspondence to Carolyn T. Halpern.

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Halpern, C.T., Kaestle, C.E., Guo, G. et al. Gene-Environment Contributions to Young Adult Sexual Partnering. Arch Sex Behav 36, 543–554 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-006-9084-9

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