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Social Networks Moderate the Syndemic Effect of Psychosocial and Structural Factors on HIV Risk Among Young Black Transgender Women and Men who have Sex with Men

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Abstract

The interaction between the cumulative effect of psychosocial and structural factors (i.e. syndemic effect) and social networks among young Black transgender women and men who have sex with men (YBTM) remains understudied. A representative cohort of 16–29 year-old YBTM (n = 618) was assessed for syndemic factors [i.e. substance use; community violence; depression; poverty; justice system involvement (JSI)], social network characteristics, condomless anal sex (CAS), group sex (GS), and HIV-infection. The syndemic index significantly increased the odds of CAS, GS, and HIV-infection, and these effects were moderated by network characteristics. Network JSI buffered the effect on CAS, romantic network members buffered the effect on GS, and network age and proportion of family network members buffered the effect on HIV-infection. The proportion of friend network members augmented the effect on GS and HIV-infection. Future research to prevent HIV among YBTM should consider social network approaches that target both structural and psychosocial syndemic factors.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to recognize the study participants who provided significant time and insight into their lives. In addition, the authors would like to recognize the staff at the Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, as well as Phil Schumm, Britt Livak, Ethan Morgan and Rita Rossi-Foulkes. This work received funding from the National Institutes of Health grants 1R01DA033875 and R01DA039934. This publication was made possible with help from the Third Coast Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded center (P30 AI117943).

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  1. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Daniel Teixeira da Silva & John Schneider

  2. School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alida Bouris & Dexter Voisin

  3. Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alida Bouris, Dexter Voisin, Anna Hotton, Russell Brewer & John Schneider

  4. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    John Schneider

  5. Department of Combined Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue MC 7082, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Daniel Teixeira da Silva

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  1. Daniel Teixeira da Silva
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  2. Alida Bouris
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  3. Dexter Voisin
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  4. Anna Hotton
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  5. Russell Brewer
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  6. John Schneider
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Correspondence to Daniel Teixeira da Silva.

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Teixeira da Silva, D., Bouris, A., Voisin, D. et al. Social Networks Moderate the Syndemic Effect of Psychosocial and Structural Factors on HIV Risk Among Young Black Transgender Women and Men who have Sex with Men. AIDS Behav 24, 192–205 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02575-9

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