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A Perspective on Immunomodulation and Tissue Repair

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Abstract

An immune response involves the action of all types of macrophages, classically activated subtype (M1) in the early inflammatory phase and regulatory and wound-healing subtypes (M2) in the resolution phase. The remarkable plasticity of macrophages makes them an interesting target in the context of immunomodulation. Here, we reviewed the current state of understanding regarding the role that different phenotypes of macrophages and monocytes play following injury and during the course of remodeling in different tissue types. Moreover, we explored recent designs of macrophage modulatory biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Balakrishna Pai and Nazanin Masoodzadehgan for helpful scientific and editorial discussions. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NS44409, NS65109, 1R41NS06777-1).

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  1. The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Nassir Mokarram & Ravi V. Bellamkonda

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  1. Nassir Mokarram
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  2. Ravi V. Bellamkonda
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Correspondence to Ravi V. Bellamkonda.

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Associate Editor Holly Ober oversaw the review of this article.

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Mokarram, N., Bellamkonda, R.V. A Perspective on Immunomodulation and Tissue Repair. Ann Biomed Eng 42, 338–351 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-013-0941-0

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