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Mechanical properties of bone tissues surrounding dental implant systems with different treatments and healing periods

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Abstract

Objectives

The objective of the current study was to examine whether the nanoindentation parameters can assess the alteration of bone quality resulting from different degrees of bone remodeling between bone tissue ages around the dental implant interface with different treatments and healing periods.

Materials and methods

Dental implants were placed in mandibles of six male dogs. Treatment groups included: resorbable blast media-treated titanium (Ti) implants, alumina-blasted zirconia implants (ATZ), alumina-blasted zirconia implants applied with demineralized bone matrix (ATZ-D), and alumina-blasted zirconia implants applied with rhBMP-2 (ATZ-B). Nanoindentation modulus (E), hardness (H), viscosity (η), and viscoelastic creep (Creep/P max) were measured for new and old bone tissues adjacent to the implants at 3 and 6 weeks of post-implantation. A total of 945 indentations were conducted for 32 implant systems.

Results

Significantly lower E, H, and η but higher Creep/P max were measured for new bone tissues than old bone tissues, independent of treatments at both healing periods (p < 0.001). All nanoindentation parameters were not significantly different between healing periods (p > 0.568). ATZ-D and ATZ-B implants had the stiffer slope of correlation between E and Creep/P max of the new bone tissue than Ti implant (p < 0.039).

Conclusions

Current results indicated that, in addition to elastic modulus and plastic hardness, measurement of viscoelastic properties of bone tissue surrounding the implant can provide more detailed information to understand mechanical behavior of an implant system.

Clinical relevance

Ability of energy absorption in the interfacial bone tissue can play a significant role in the long-term success of a dental implant system.

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Acknowledgments

The project described was, in part, supported by American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Award (Kim, D-G). The authors would like to thank Kathy L. Elias and Cheol-Woo Park who helped collecting data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 4088 Postle Hall, 305 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Do-Gyoon Kim, Hyun-Jung Kwon, Yong-Hoon Jeong & Erin Kosel

  2. Division of Restorative Sciences and Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Damian J. Lee

  3. Prosthodontics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

    Jung-Suk Han & Hye-Lee Kim

  4. Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea

    Dae-Joon Kim

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  1. Do-Gyoon Kim
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Correspondence to Do-Gyoon Kim.

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Kim, DG., Kwon, HJ., Jeong, YH. et al. Mechanical properties of bone tissues surrounding dental implant systems with different treatments and healing periods. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2211–2220 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1734-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1734-2

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