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Amperometric sensing of nitrite using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a multilayer consisting of carboxylated nanocrystalline cellulose and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium) ions in a PEDOT host

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Abstract

Negatively charged carboxylated nanocrystalline cellulose (CNCC) and positively charged poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) were alternatingly assembled on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode to form a relatively uniform polyelectrolyte multilayer nanocomposite (CNCC/PDDA)n. It was then incorporated into a matrix of conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) electrodeposited on the surface of the electrode. The nanocomposites were prepared in various ratios of PEDOT and (CNCC/PDDA), and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. The PEDOT/(CNCC/PDDA)4 nanocomposite showed the lowest electrochemical impedance and best electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of nitrite. Based on these findings, an amperometric sensor was developed which, if operated at 0.80 V (vs. SCE), can detect nitrite in the 0.2 μM to 1.73 mM concentration range with a 57 nM detection limit.

Carboxylated nanocrystalline cellulose (CNCC) and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDA) were assembled to nanocomposite (CNCC/PDDA)n. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) was electrodeposited on the surface of (CNCC/PDDA)n and a sensitive amperometric sensor for detection of nitrite was developed based on PEDOT/(CNCC/PDDA)n.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21422504 and 21275087), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (JQ201406), the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province of China and the Domestic Visiting Scholar Program of Shandong Province of China for Young Backbone Teachers of Colleges and Universities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Guiyun Xu, Shaoping Liang, Ge Sheng & Xiliang Luo

  2. College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Jinshi Fan

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  1. Guiyun Xu
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  2. Shaoping Liang
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Correspondence to Xiliang Luo.

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Xu, G., Liang, S., Fan, J. et al. Amperometric sensing of nitrite using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a multilayer consisting of carboxylated nanocrystalline cellulose and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium) ions in a PEDOT host. Microchim Acta 183, 2031–2037 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1842-3

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