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Evolutionary indirect effects of biological invasions

  • Plant-animal interactions - Original research
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Abstract

Just as ecological indirect effects can have a wide range of consequences for community structure and ecosystem function, theory suggests that evolutionary indirect effects can also influence community dynamics and the outcome of species interactions. There is little empirical evidence documenting such effects, however. Here, I use a multi-generation selection experiment in the field to investigate: (1) how the exotic plant Medicago polymorpha and the exotic insect herbivore Hypera brunneipennis affect the evolution of anti-herbivore resistance traits in the native plant Lotus wrangelianus and (2) how observed Lotus evolutionary responses to Hypera alter interactions between Lotus and other members of the herbivore community. In one of two study populations, I document rapid evolutionary changes in Lotus resistance to Hypera in response to insecticide treatments that experimentally reduced Hypera abundance, and in response to Medicago-removal treatments that also reduced Hypera abundance. These evolutionary changes in response to Hypera result in reduced attack by aphids. Thus, an evolutionary change caused by one herbivore species alters interactions with other herbivore taxa, an example of an eco-evolutionary feedback. Given that many traits mediate interactions with multiple species, the effects of evolutionary changes in response to one key biotic selective agent may often cascade through interaction webs to influence additional community members.

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Acknowledgments

I thank A. McCall, J. Wright, L. Yang, and T. Yang for field assistance and C. terHorst, D. Weese, the Lau Lab, and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. All research was performed at the University of California Natural Reserve System’s Donald and Sylvia McLaughlin Reserve. This work was supported by a NSF DDIG IBN-0206601 to S.Y. Strauss and J.A.L. and NSF DEB-0918963 to J.A.L. This is KBS publication #1602.

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  1. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 3700 E Gull Lake Dr., Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA

    Jennifer A. Lau

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  1. Jennifer A. Lau
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Correspondence to Jennifer A. Lau.

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Communicated by Julia Koricheva.

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Lau, J.A. Evolutionary indirect effects of biological invasions. Oecologia 170, 171–181 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2288-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2288-x

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