Magnetic resonance imaging as a novel method of characterization of cutaneous photoaging in a murine model

Abstract

Environmental ultraviolet (UV) exposure exacts a significant toll annually in terms of overall morbidity and undesirable esthetic effects of skin aging. In order to establish the molecular and pathologic basis of this process, the murine model of ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced aging has long been used with reproducibility and success. Although morphometric and histological endpoints have been useful tools to describe this model historically, they fail to allow for the real time monitoring of the aging process, and do not fully account for effects of the in vivo environment on cutaneous strata with aging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ability of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize the murine model of photoaging throughout the aging process. Six-week-old male nu/nu mice were exposed to narrow-band UVB at 30 min intervals five times weekly for 10 weeks, resulting in a characteristic photoaged morphometric result. MRI scans were performed using a 7 tesla (7 T) small animal imaging platform at pre-exposure baseline at 4 and 10 weeks. Histological analysis of full-thickness biopsies taken in 10 week photoaged mice was correlated with MRI findings, and was compared against control animals receiving no ultraviolet radiation. MRI studies revealed a statistically significant prominent evolution of epidermal hyperplasia at 4 weeks versus baseline and at 10 weeks compared to 4 week values (0.172 ± 0.017 mm versus undetectable, P ≤ 0.05; 0.258 ± 0.007 versus 0.172 ± 0.017 mm, P ≤ 0.05, respectively). A parallel trend of dermal hyperplasia which approached statistical significance was likewise noted at 10 weeks compared to baseline values (0.420 ± 0.073 versus 0.295 ± 0.078 mm, P = 0.06). Histology confirmed the progressive epidermal hyperplastic change characterized by MRI findings. This study validates the novel use of high-resolution MRI for study of the murine photoaging model and establishes its potential to describe progressive cutaneous pathology in such an experimental setting.