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Direct climatic effect of dust aerosol in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3)

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Abstract

Direct climate responses to dust shortwave and longwave radiative forcing (RF) are studied using the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3). The simulated RF at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is −0.45 W m−2 in the solar spectrum and +0.09 W m−2 in the thermal spectrum on a global average. The magnitude of surface RF is larger than the TOA forcing, with global mean shortwave forcing of −1.76 W m−2 and longwave forcing of +0.31 W m−2. As a result, dust aerosol causes the absorption of 1.1 W m−2 in the atmosphere. The RF of dust aerosol is predicted to lead to a surface cooling of 0.5 K over the Sahara Desert and Arabian Peninsula. In the meantime, the upper troposphere is predicted to become warmer because of the absorption by dust. These changes in temperature lead to a more stable atmosphere, which results in increases in surface humidity. The upward sensible and latent heat fluxes at the surface are reduced, largely balancing the surface energy loss caused by the backscattering and absorption of dust aerosol. Precipitation is predicted to decrease moderately on a global scale.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Climate Change Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Xu Yue  (乐 旭), Huijun Wang  (王会军) & Hong Liao  (廖 宏)

  2. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center (NZC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Xu Yue  (乐 旭), Huijun Wang  (王会军) & Ke Fan  (范 可)

  3. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Xu Yue  (乐 旭)

  4. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Hong Liao  (廖 宏)

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  1. Xu Yue  (乐 旭)
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Correspondence to Xu Yue  (乐 旭).

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Yue, X., Wang, H., Liao, H. et al. Direct climatic effect of dust aerosol in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3). Adv. Atmos. Sci. 27, 230–242 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-009-8170-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-009-8170-z

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