Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aggression in Partnerschaften ist ein ernst zu nehmendes Problem und häufig Anlass für Psychotherapie und Beratung. Wenig bekannt ist dagegen, dass bereits in romantischen Beziehungen Jugendlicher Aggression nicht selten ist.
Material und Methode
In einer Stichprobe von 194 romantischen Paaren (16 bis 18 Jahre) wurden Unterschiede zwischen der berichteten physischen und psychischen Aggression und der Beziehungsqualität (affiliative und romantische Qualität der Beziehung) sowie der Fähigkeit zur Lösung von partnerschaftsbezogenen Problemen untersucht.
Ergebnisse
Eine hierarchische Cluster-Analyse identifizierte verschiedene Untergruppen von Dyaden anhand der Berichte beider Partner über beide Aggressionsformen: nichtaggressive Paare, Paare mit höherer wahrgenommener Aggressivität (physisch und psychisch) von weiblichen Jugendlichen, Paare mit höherer Aggressivität von männlichen Jugendlichen und wechselseitig aggressive Paare, die sich in der Beziehungsqualität, der Zahl von Konflikten und den Coping-Fertigkeiten deutlich unterschieden. Obwohl eine beträchtliche Anzahl von nichtaggressiven Dyaden gefunden wurde, war die hohe Zahl junger Mädchen mit einseitiger Aggression, die nicht von ihrem Partner mit Gegenaggression beantwortet wurde, bemerkenswert. Die wechselseitig aggressiven Paare wiesen die geringste Adaptation auf, mit einem Mangel an unterstützenden, vertrauensvollen Beziehungen, hohen Konfliktraten und mangelhaften Bewältigungsfertigkeiten.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Diskussion konzentriert sich auf die verschiedenen Funktionen von Aggression in diesen frühen romantischen Beziehungen sowie die möglichen partnerschaftsbezogenen, gesundheitlichen und antisozialen Folgen. Dabei wird auch die geschlechtsabhängige Bedeutung des Self-silencing betrachtet.
Abstract
Background
Aggressive behavior in adult couples is a problem which must be taken seriously and is a frequent reason for psychotherapy and counseling. Less is known about an early start of aggression, e.g. in adolescent romantic relationships.
Material and methods
In a sample of 194 romantic partner dyads (age 16–18 years) differences between female and male partners’ reports of aggression (psychological and physical) and different measures of relationship functioning (e.g. conflicts, coping behavior and the affiliative and romantic quality of the relationship) were assessed.
Results
A hierarchical cluster analysis identified distinct subgroups of dyads based on male and female reports of psychological and physical aggression: non-aggressive couples, couples with higher perceived aggressiveness (both physical and psychological) by female partners, couples with higher perceived aggressiveness by male partners and mutually aggressive couples, who showed clear differences in the quality of the relationship, the number of conflicts and coping ability. Although a substantial number of non-aggressive dyads emerged, the high number of females showing one-sided aggression was noteworthy, which was not countered by the partner. The mutually aggressive couples showed the least adaptive relationship functioning with a lack of supportive trusting relationship qualities, high conflict rates and less adaptive coping styles.
Conclusion
The discussion focuses on the different functions of aggression in these early romantic relationships, the aggravating impact of mutual aggression on relationship functioning and its potential antisocial outcome. In this context the gender-specific function of self-silencing behavior is explored.
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Danksagung
Die Autoren danken allen Paaren, die an der Untersuchung teilgenommen haben.
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Inge Seiffge-Krenke und William J. Burk geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
Alle im vorliegenden Manuskript beschriebenen Befragungen wurden mit Zustimmung der zuständigen Ethikkommission, im Einklang mit nationalem Recht sowie gemäß der Deklaration von Helsinki von 1975 (in der aktuellen, überarbeiteten Fassung) durchgeführt. Von allen Beteiligten liegt eine Einverständniserklärung vor.
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I. Seiffge-Krenke, Mainz
M. Cierpka, Heidelberg
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Seiffge-Krenke, I., Burk, W. Früher Beginn. Psychotherapeut 61, 2–9 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-015-0074-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-015-0074-z