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Serum albumin enhances bone healing in a nonunion femoral defect model in rats: a computer tomography micromorphometry study

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Abstract

Purpose

Blood-derived proliferative factors such as platelet rich plasma or activated plasma are promising adjuvants for bone grafts. Our earlier studies showed that serum albumin itself can markedly enhance the proliferation of stem cells on bone allograft and postulated that albumin coating alone may improve bone graft integration in vivo.

Methods

Two femoral defect models were performed in adult male Wistar rats. In the critical size model a six millimetre gap was created in the midshaft of the femur and fixed with plate and screws, while a nonunion model was established by the interposition of a spacer in the osteotomy for four weeks which resulted in compromised healing and nonunion. Albumin coated and uncoated grafts were placed into the defects. Bone healing and morphometry were evaluated by μCT and histology four weeks after implantation of the grafts.

Results

In the critical size model none of the bone grafts were able to bridge the defect, and graft resorption was the typical outcome. In the nonunion model regular uncoated grafts had a low union rate (two out of six), which increased markedly when albumin coating was applied (six out of eight). Trabecular thickness and pattern factor improved significantly in the albumin coated group versus uncoated or empty controls.

Conclusions

Our results showed that serum albumin coating of bone grafts can enhance the remodelling and efficacy of treatment in a nonunion model.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful for Lacerta Technologies Inc. and the West-Hungarian Tissue Bank for providing the bone grafts. The present work was funded by grants from TÉT-SIN-CELLTHER, TÁMOP-4.2.1/B09/1/KMR-2010-0001, OTKA 83803.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Semmelweis University, Karolina út 27, 1113, Budapest, Hungary

    Gábor Skaliczki, Károly Schandl, Tibor Major, Miklós Szendrői & Zsombor Lacza

  2. Department of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Károly Schandl, Miklós Weszl, Tibor Major & Zsombor Lacza

  3. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Miklós Kovács & Csaba Dobó-Nagy

  4. Department of Pathology, Péterfy Sándor Hospital, Budapest, Hungary

    József Skaliczki

  5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary

    Miklós Weszl

Authors
  1. Gábor Skaliczki
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  2. Károly Schandl
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  3. Miklós Weszl
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  4. Tibor Major
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  5. Miklós Kovács
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  6. József Skaliczki
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  7. Miklós Szendrői
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  8. Csaba Dobó-Nagy
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  9. Zsombor Lacza
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gábor Skaliczki.

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Skaliczki, G., Schandl, K., Weszl, M. et al. Serum albumin enhances bone healing in a nonunion femoral defect model in rats: a computer tomography micromorphometry study. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 37, 741–745 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-012-1770-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-012-1770-8

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