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Decoupling of stretch reflex and background muscle activity during anticipatory postural adjustments in humans

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Abstract

We studied the evolution of stretch reflexes in relation to background electromyographic (EMG) activity in the soleus muscle preceding the onset of voluntary arm raise movements. Our objective was to investigate if changes in reflex EMG and muscle activity occur simultaneously and are similarly scaled in amplitude. Ten human subjects stood with each foot on pedals able to exert short dorsiflexor pulses during stance. Subjects were asked to product consistent voluntary arm raise movements to a target upon a visual cue. In ¼ of trials, no pulse perturbations were given, but in the remaining ¾’s of all trials pulses were given randomly during a 600-ms period, from 400 ms before until 200 ms after the onset of the movements. Perturbation trials were sorted into 20-ms bins post hoc, and the amplitude of the reflex EMG component was calculated and compared to the EMG activity obtained when no pulses were given. Results showed that despite exhibiting similar profiles over time, the background EMG consistently inhibited before the reflex EMG did. However, times of reactivation (rebound) were variable across subjects, with background EMG activating before reflex for some subjects and vice versa for others. The minimum values of inhibition, time of inhibition and time of rebound for background and reflex EMG measures did not show significant linear correlations when all subjects’ data were considered. These results suggest that reflex and background EMG components of anticipatory postural adjustments evolve differently in time and amplitude. This has implications for the independent control of reflexes and voluntary muscle activity.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) operating grant to Dr Robert Kearney.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duff Medical Building, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montréal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada

    Siddharth Vedula, Robert E. Kearney & Ross Wagner

  2. Balance and Voluntary Movement Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, H2W 1S4, Canada

    Paul J. Stapley

Authors
  1. Siddharth Vedula
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  2. Robert E. Kearney
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  3. Ross Wagner
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  4. Paul J. Stapley
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Correspondence to Paul J. Stapley.

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Vedula, S., Kearney, R.E., Wagner, R. et al. Decoupling of stretch reflex and background muscle activity during anticipatory postural adjustments in humans. Exp Brain Res 205, 205–213 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2357-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2357-5

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