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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using a high-temperature phosphonium ionic liquid column

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Abstract

A high-temperature ionic liquid, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide, was used as the primary column stationary phase for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC). The ionic liquid (IL) column was coupled to a 5% diphenyl/95% dimethyl polysiloxane (HP-5) secondary column. The retention characteristics of the IL column were compared to polyethylene glycol (DB-Wax) and 50% phenyl/50% methyl polysiloxane (HP-50+). A series of homologous compounds that included hydrocarbons, oxygenated organics, and halogenated alkanes were analyzed with each column combination. This comparison showed that the ionic liquid is less polar than DB-Wax but more polar than HP-50+. The most unique feature of the IL × HP-5 column combination is that alkanes, cyclic alkanes, and alkenes eluted in a narrow band in the GC × GC chromatogram; whereas, these compounds occupied a much larger portion of the DB-Wax × HP-5 and the HP-50+ × HP-5 chromatograms. Each column combination was used to analyze diesel fuel. The IL × HP-5 chromatogram displayed narrow bands for three major compound classes in diesel fuel: saturates, monoaromatics, and diaromatics. The IL column was used at temperatures as high as 290 °C for several months without any noticeable changes in column performance.

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Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (0094185) and by the Robert A. Welch Foundation (Y0026). The HP-50+, DB-Wax, and HP-5 columns were generously donated by Agilent Technologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA

    John V. Seeley & Elise K. Libby

  2. Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kettering University, Flint, MI, 48504, USA

    Stacy K. Seeley

  3. Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA

    Zachary S. Breitbach & Daniel W. Armstrong

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  1. John V. Seeley
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  2. Stacy K. Seeley
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  3. Elise K. Libby
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  4. Zachary S. Breitbach
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  5. Daniel W. Armstrong
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Correspondence to John V. Seeley.

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Seeley, J.V., Seeley, S.K., Libby, E.K. et al. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography using a high-temperature phosphonium ionic liquid column. Anal Bioanal Chem 390, 323–332 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1676-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1676-2

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