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Protective role of hemeoxygenase-1 in gastrointestinal diseases

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Abstract

Disorders and diseases of the gastrointestinal system encompass a wide array of pathogenic mechanisms as a result of genetic, infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory conditions. Inflammatory diseases in general are rising in incidence and are emerging clinical problems in gastroenterology and hepatology. Hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-inducible enzyme that has been shown to confer protection in various organ-system models. Its downstream effectors, carbon monoxide and biliverdin have also been shown to offer these beneficial effects. Many studies suggest that induction of HO-1 expression in gastrointestinal tissues and cells plays a critical role in cytoprotection and resolving inflammation as well as tissue injury. In this review, we examine the protective role of HO-1 and its downstream effectors in modulating inflammatory diseases of the upper (esophagus and stomach) and lower (small and large intestine) gastrointestinal tract, the liver, and the pancreas. Cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities of HO-1 make it a promising if not ideal therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal system.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant (to A.H.), the National Institutes of Health Grant DK092421 (to A.H.) and Digestive Disease Center grant DK56339 (to Stanford University).

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  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Marisol Chang, Jing Xue, Vishal Sharma & Aida Habtezion

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  1. Marisol Chang
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Correspondence to Aida Habtezion.

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Chang, M., Xue, J., Sharma, V. et al. Protective role of hemeoxygenase-1 in gastrointestinal diseases. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 1161–1173 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1790-1

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