Abstract
Certain second-order partial differential operators, expressed as sums of squares of complex vector fields, are shown not to beC ∞ hypoelliptic even at a point, rather than merely in an open set. The proof is based on an asymptotic analysis of a family of ordinary differential operators depending on a complex parameter.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Christ, M. Some non-analytic-hypoelliptic sums of squares of vector fields.Bulletin AMS 16, 137–140 (1992).
Christ, M. Certain sums of squares of vector fields fail to be analytic hypoelliptic.Comm. Partial Differential Equations 16, 1695–1707 (1991).
Coddington, E., and Levinson, N.Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations. New York: McGraw-Hill 1955.
Hanges, N., and Himonas, A. A. Singular solutions for sums of squares of vector fields.Comm. Partial Differential Equations 16, 1503–1511 (1991).
Helffer, B., and Nourrigat, J. Caractérisation des opérateurs hypoelliptiques homogènes invariants à gauche sur un groupe de Lie nilpotent gradué.Comm. Partial Differential Equations 4, 899–948 (1979).
Helffer, B., and Nourrigat, J.Hypoellipticité Maximale Pour des Opérateurs Polynômes de Champs de Vecteurs. Prog. Math. Vol. 58. Boston: Birkhäuser 1985.
Keldysh, M. V. On the completeness of the eigenfunctions of classes of non-selfadjoint linear operators.Russian Math. Surveys 26, 15–44 (1971).
Müller, D. A new criterion for local non-solvability of homogeneous left invariant differential operators on nilpotent Lie groups. Preprint.
Nourrigat, J. Inégalités L2 et représentations de groupes nilpotents.J. Funct. Anal. 74, 300–327 (1987).
Lai, Pham The, and Robert, D. Sur un probléme aux valeurs propres non linéaire.Israel J. Math. 36, 169–186 (1980).
Rothschild, L. P., and Stein, E. M. Hypoelliptic differential operators and nilpotent groups.Acta Math. 137, 247–320 (1976).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Research supported by the National Science Foundation.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Christ, M. A family of degenerate differential operators. J Geom Anal 3, 579–597 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921323
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02921323