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Heptaphyrins: Expanded porphyrins with seven heterocyclic rings

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Abstract

Expanded porphyrins containing seven pyrrole/heterocyclic rings linked in a cyclic fashion are termed heptaphyrins. The number ofπ-electrons in heptaphyrins depends on the number ofmeso carbon bridges used to link the heterocyclic rings, accordingly heptaphyrins with 28π-electrons and 30π-electrons are reported to date. Both condensation reactions of the appropriate precursors and acid-catalysed oxidative coupling reactions have been utilized to synthesise the heptaphyrins. The 30π heptaphyrins exhibit rich structural diversity where some of the heterocyclic rings in the macrocycle undergo a 180° ring flipping. An overview of the synthetic methods employed for the synthesis of heptaphyrins, their spectroscopic properties, structural behaviour and aromatic properties are highlighted in this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 208 016, Kanpur, India

    Venkataramanarao G. Anand, Simi K. Pushpan, Sundararaman Venkatraman & Tavarekere K. Chandrashekar

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  1. Venkataramanarao G. Anand
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  2. Simi K. Pushpan
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  3. Sundararaman Venkatraman
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  4. Tavarekere K. Chandrashekar
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Correspondence to Tavarekere K. Chandrashekar.

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Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday

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Anand, V.G., Pushpan, S.K., Venkatraman, S. et al. Heptaphyrins: Expanded porphyrins with seven heterocyclic rings. J Chem Sci 115, 711–720 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02708261

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