Abstract
The investigation of the equilibrium phase diagram of the Ag + Au + Ge system has been carried out by the following ways: (a) the location of equilibrium surfaces was determined on the whole composition range by high temperature isoperibolic calorimetry and differential thermal analysis; (b) the equilibrium temperatures of the ternary system were calculated from the equilibrium temperatures and the thermodynamic functions referring to the three limiting binary alloys Ag + Au, Ag + Ge, Au + Ge. A satisfactory agreement was found between the calculated liquidus and the one obtained by calorimetry and thermal analysis. In the course of a systematic thermodynamic investigation of ternary alloys based on gold, silver, and a IV b metal, the three systems Ag + Au + Si, Ag + Au + Ge, and Ag + Au + Sn were examined; the molar enthalpies of formation of the liquid mixtures were obtained on the one hand and the equilibrium phase diagrams on the other.1,2,3 This paper focuses on the latter topics for the ternary alloys Ag + Au + Ge; a comparison is carried out between the equilibrium temperatures measured by differential thermal analysis at the laboratory S.E.T.T. in Marseille and those calculated at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. This calculation is based on the thermodynamic data published for the limiting binary systems and also on the ternary enthalpies measured by calorimetry at very high temperature.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Hassam, M. Gaune-Escard, and J.P. Bros:Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1983, vol. 87, pp. 785–92.
S. Hassam, M. Gaune-Escard, and J.P. Bros:High Temp. Science, 1983, vol. 16, pp. 131–51.
J. Rakotomavo, M. Gaune-Escard, J.P. Bros, and P. Gaune:Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1984, vol. 88, pp. 663–70.
E. Jaenecke:Metallurgie, 1911, vol. 8, no. 19, pp. 599–600.
U. Raydt:Z. Anorg. Chem., 1912, vol. 75, pp. 58–62.
C. Wagner:Acta Metall., 1954, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 242–49.
J.L. White:Trans. AIME, 1959, vol. 215, no. 1, pp. 178–81.
J. L. White, R. L. Orr, and R. Hultgren:Acta Metall., 1957, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 747–60.
J. Markali and P. Thoresen:Acta Chem.Scand., 1961, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 31–35.
C.J. Cooke and W. Hume-Rothery:Acta Metall., 1961, vol. 9, no. 10, p. 982.
J.M. Miane: Thèse Doct. Spécialité, Université de Provence, Marseille, 1979.
R. P. Elliott:Constitution of Binary Alloys, 1st suppl., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1965.
F. A. Shunk:Constitution of Binary Alloys, 2nd suppl., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1969.
M. Hansen and K. Anderko:Constitution of Binary Alloys, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY, 1958.
A. Olander:J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1931, vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 3577–88.
N.V. Grum-Grzhimailo:Zh. Neorg. Khim., 1956, vol. 1, pp. 2048–51.
A. J. Guinier and R. Griffoul:Compt. Rend. Ac. Sc, 1945, vol. 22, pp. 555–57.
A.J. Guinier:Proc. Phys. Soc, 1945, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 310–24.
A. Kidron:Phys. Lett., 1967, A, vol. 24, pp. 644–45.
V. Syneck, M. Simerska, and H. Chessin:Scripta Metall., 1969, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 687–92.
M. D. Giardina and A. Schule:Rad. Effects, 1972, vol. 12, pp. 277–80.
E. Lang:Z. Metallkd., 1973, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 56–61.
H. Okamoto and T. B. Massalski:Bull, of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1980, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 47–51.
T. R. Briggs, R. O. McDuffie, and S. H. Willisford:J. Phys. Chem., 1929, vol. 33, pp. 1080–96.
H. Maucher:Forsch. Metallk. Roentgenment., 1936, no. 20, pp. 5–32.
L. Martin-Garin, M. Gomez, P. Bedon, and P. Desré:J. Less-Common Met., 1975, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 65–76.
H. Nowotny and K. Bachmayer:Monatsh. Chem., 1950, vol. 81, pp. 669–78.
E. A. Owen and V.W. Rowlands:J. Inst. Metals, 1940, vol. 66, pp. 361–78.
H. Okamoto and T. B. Massalski:Bull, of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1984, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 601–10.
E. Einecke:Chem. Zeitung, 1937, vol. 61, no. 101, pp. 989–91.
R.I. Jaffee, E.M. Smith, and B.M. Gonser:Trans. AIME, 1945, vol. 161, pp. 366–72.
E. A. Owen and E.A. O. Roberts:J. Inst. Metals, 1945, vol. 71, pp. 213–54.
B. Predel and H. Bankstahl:J. Less-Common Met., 1975, vol. 43, no. 1J2, pp. 191–203.
B. Legendre and C. Souleau:J. Chem. Res. (S), 1977, vol. 12, pp. 306–07. (M), 1977, vol. 12, pp. 3701-45.
D. S. Evans and A. Prince: unpublished work, 1981; see Ref. 29.
K. Muller and W. Merl:Elektrotech. Z., 1959, vol. 15, no. A80, pp. 515–18.
G. Zwingman:Metall., 1964, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 726–27.
A. Prince: private communication, 1980. (Hirst Research Centre, The General Electric Company Ltd.)
G. Hatem: Thèse Doct. Sciences Physiques, Univ. de Provence, Marseille, 1980.
Scientific Group Thermodata Europ, Substance Data Bank, 1985.
R. Hultgren, P.D. Desai, D.T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser, and K.K. Kelley: Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Alloys, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1979.
M. J. Ginsberg: Thesis, Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1969.
R. Castanet, Y. Claire, and M. Laffitte:J. Chim. Phys., 1969, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 1276–85.
N. V. Eremenko, G. M. Lukashenko, and V. L. Pritula:Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Neorg. Mater., 1967, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1584–90, trans- lated as Inorg. Mater., 1967, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1379-84.
J.P. Hager, S.M. Howard, and J.H. Jones:Metall. Trans., 1973, vol. 4, pp. 2383–86.
Y. M. Muggianu: Thèse Doct. Spec, Univ. de Provence, Marseille, 1972.
B. Jansson: Dr. Thesis, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden, 1984.
S. Hassam: Thèse Doct. Sciences Physiques, Univ. de Marseille, 1985.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hassam, S., Gambino, M., Gaune-escard, M. et al. Experimental and Calculated Ag + Au + Ge Phase Diagram. Metall Trans A 19, 409–416 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649254
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02649254