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Light, immediate-early genes, and circadian rhythms

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Abstract

Many diverse behaviors exhibit clear circadian rhythms in their expression. In mammals, these rhythms originate from a neural circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Recently, signaling pathways activated by light in the SCN have begun to be identified. A specific set of immediate-early genes is induced by light in the SCN, and their expression is correlated with the resetting of circadian behavioral rhythms. These light-regulated immediate-early genes offer multiple inroads into the biology of the SCN: first, they are functional markers for the activation of SCN neurons by light; second, they can direct us to the upstream light-activated (and clock-regulated) signal transduction pathways which mediate their induction; and finally, they encode transcription factor proteins which may play a role in the molecular mechanism of resetting the circadian clock.

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Kornhauser, J.M., Mayo, K.E. & Takahashi, J.S. Light, immediate-early genes, and circadian rhythms. Behav Genet 26, 221–240 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02359382

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