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Dentin matrix collagen: Evidence for a covalently linked phosphoprotein attachment

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Abstract

Oxidative degradation of decalcified bovine dentin matrix with alkaline sodium metaperiodate solubilizes a substantial part of the matrix. The soluble portion includes a fraction containing more than 75% of the covalently-bound phosphorus present in the native dentin. Preparative scale electrophoresis of the solubilized dentin on polyacrylamide gels led to the isolation of a group of four strongly anionic components (I–IV). Analyses showed each component to be a protein characterized by a high content of phosphate groups, serine and aspartic acid, and, with one exception (II), small amounts of proline and hydroxyproline. Each component contained one residue of hydroxylysine per mole. In addition to the periodate resistant hydroxylysine, III and IV also contained periodate resistant glucose and galactose. On the basis of the presence of hydroxyproline in varying amount, and hydroxylysine on a mole per mole basis, it is suggested that components I, III and IV consist of collagen backbone fragments linked to a phosphoprotein moiety with a high content of serine and aspartic acid. The periodate-resistant hexoses and the hydroxylysine probably represent the linkage point. Component II is a phosphoprotein moiety essentially free of a collagen fragment. These data provide direct evidence that dentin collagen contains a covalently bound non-collagen polypeptide attachment of highly acidic character.

Résumé

La dégradation par oxydation de matrice dentinaire décalcifiée de boeuf, à l'aide de méta-périodate alcalin de sodium, solubilise une part importante de matrice. La partie soluble comprend une fraction contenant plus de 75% de phosphore lié par covalence, qui est présent dans la dentine initiale. De l'électrophorèse préparative de la dentine solubilisée, sur gel de polyacrylamide, permet d'isoler un groupe de quatre composés fortement anioniques (I–IV). Les analyses montrent que chaque composé est une protéine caractée par un contenu élevé en groupes phosphates, en acide aspartique et sérine et, à une exception près (II), de faibles quantités de proline et d'hydroproline. Chaque composé contient un résidu d'hydroxylysine par mole. En plus de l'hydroxylysine résistant au périodate, III et IV contiennent aussi du glucose et du galactose résistant au périodate. Etant donné la présence d'hydroxyproline, en quantité variables, et celle d'hydroxylysine à un mole par mole, il semble que les composés I, II et IV sont constitués de fragments de collagène osseux liés à une fraction phospho-protéique, à contenu élevé en sérine et acide aspartique. Les hexoses, résistant au périodate, et l'hydroxylysine constituent sans doute le point d'union. Le composant II est une fraction phosphoprotéique pratiquement indemne de collagène. Ce travail met en évidence une liaison polypeptique, non collagénique, liée par covalence, et de caractère hautement acide, au niveau du collagène dentinaire.

Zusammenfassung

Der oxydative Abbau von entkalkter boviner Dentimmatrix mit alkalischem Natriummetaperiodat bringteinen beträchtlichen Anteil der Matrix zur Lösung. Der lösliche Teil schließt eine Fraktion ein, die mehr als 75% des im nativen Dentin vorhandenen, kovalent gebundenen Phosphors enthält. Eine präparative Elektrophorese des gelösten Dentins auf Polyacrylamidgelen führte zur Isolierung einer Gruppe von 4 stark anionischen Komponenten (I–IV). Anhand weiterer Analysen wurde festgestellt, daß jede Komponente aus einem Protein besteht, welches durch einen hohen Anteil an Phosphatgruppen, Serin und Asparaginsäure und mit einer Ausnahme (II), durch kleine Prolin- und Hydroxyprolinmengen charakterisiert ist. Jede Komponente enthielt für 1 Mol einen Hydroxylysinrückstand. Zusätzlich zum periodatresistenten Hydroxylysin enthielten III und IV auch noch periodatresistente Glucose und Galaktose. Aufgrund des Vorliegens von variablen Hydroxyprolimmengen und von Hydroxylysin in einem Mol-zu-Mol Verhältnis wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Komponenten I, III und IV aus Kollagenfaserfragmenten bestehen, welche an einen Phosphoproteinteil mit hohem Serin- und Asparaginsäuregehalt gebunden sind. Die periodatresistenten Hexosen und das Hydroxylysin stellen vermutlich den Verbindungspunkt dar. Die Komponente II besteht aus einem Phosphoproteinteil, der im wesentlichen frei von Kollagenfragmenten ist. Diese Resultate beweisen, daß Dentinkollagen einen kovalent gebundenen, nicht kollagenartigen Polypeptidanteil von stark saurem Charakter enthält.

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This work has been supported by Grant DE-01374 from the National Institute of Dental Research and a grant from the Schweppe Research Foundation.

Holder of a Helen Hay Whitney Foundation Post-Doctoral Fellowship during a part of the period during which this work was carried out

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Carmichael, D.J., Veis, A. & Wang, E.T. Dentin matrix collagen: Evidence for a covalently linked phosphoprotein attachment. Calc. Tis Res. 7, 331–344 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02062622

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