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Neuropeptides, inflammation, and motility

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Abstract

Neurogenic inflammation is a reaction which includes vasodilation, plasma extravasation, and smooth muscle contraction elicited by activation of and release of mediators from unmyelinated afferent nerve endings. Further release of inflammatory mediators follows activation of axon collaterals associated with these afferent nerve endings as axon reflexes. Substance P, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and calcitonin generelated peptide are candidate mediators. Recent evidence suggests that several of these peptides may be colocalized either with one or more other peptides or with acetylcholine or noradrenalin. Communicating pathways exist between nerves within the mucosa and the muscle layers. Both long and short visceral reflexes occur. Inflammatory, mechanical, or chemical stimuli reaching the mucosa may release peptides from peripheral nerve endings. Thus neurogenic inflammation may be an important factor in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 West Carson Street, 90509, Torrance, California

    Emeran A. Mayer MD, Helen Raybould PhD & Christian Koelbel MD

  2. Center for Ulcer Research and Education, Los Angeles, CA

    Emeran A. Mayer MD, Helen Raybould PhD & Christian Koelbel MD

  3. Harbor/UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, USA

    Emeran A. Mayer MD, Helen Raybould PhD & Christian Koelbel MD

Authors
  1. Emeran A. Mayer MD
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  2. Helen Raybould PhD
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  3. Christian Koelbel MD
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Supported by the Harbor/UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease NIH Center grant AM 36200.

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Mayer, E.A., Raybould, H. & Koelbel, C. Neuropeptides, inflammation, and motility. Digest Dis Sci 33 (Suppl 3), 71S–77S (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01538134

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