Skip to main content
Log in

Ultrastructural and histochemical studies of cortical biopsies in subacute dementia

  • Original Investigations
  • Published:
Acta Neuropathologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The electron microscopic and histochemical findings in biopsies of two cases of subacute dementia have revealed neurons containing numerous lipofuscin bodies and increased acid phosphatase. Although these changes are considered to indicate neuron disease, they are believed to represent a secondary process because of their similarity and because other more distinctive cell alterations are present. In the first case, the primary abnormality is believed to be thickening of the vascular basement membrane, while in the second case, astroglial dilatation is considered a primary change. Since these structures appear to have important transport functions, these abnormalities could easily impair the nutrient supply to neurons and, in this way, produce the neuronal alteration. The significance of glycogen in these tissues is discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Die elektronenoptische und histochemische Untersuchung von Biopsiematerial bei zwei Fällen subakuter Demenz ergab Neurone mit reichlich Lipofuscin-Depots sowie erhöhter saurer Phosphatase-Aktivität. Obwohl diese Veränderungen eine Nervenzellerkrankung anzeigen dürften, werden sie wegen ihrer Ähnlichkeit sowie wegen des Vorliegens anderer, spezifischerer Zellveränderungen als Sekundärphänomene gedeutet. Im ersten Fall wird als primäre Läsion eine Verdickung der Basalmembran der Gefäße, im zweiten Fall eine Astrogliaschwellung angenommen. Da diese Strukturen wichtige Transportfunktionen haben dürften, könnten diese Anomalien leicht die neuronale Versorgung stören und dadurch die neuronalen Läsionen verursachen. Die Bedeutung des Glykogens in diesen Strukturen wird diskutiert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Banson, B. B., andP. E. Lacy: Diabetic microangiopathy in human toes: With emphasis on the ultrastructural change in dermal capillaries. Amer. J. Path.45, 12–58 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bencosme, S. A., R. O. West, J. W. Kerr, andD. L. Wilson: Diabetic capillary angiopathy in human skeletal muscles. Amer. J. Med.47, 67–77 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloodworth, J. M. B., Jr.: Diabetic microangiopathy. Diabetes12, 99–114 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Creutzfeldt, H. G.: Über eine eigenartige herdförmige Erkrankung des Zentralnerven-systems. Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat.56, 1–18 (1920).

    Google Scholar 

  • De Duve, C.: The lysosome. Sci. Amer.208, 64–72 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dempsey, E. W., andG. B. Wislocki: An electron microscopic study of the blood-brain barrier in the rat employing silver nitrate as a vital stain. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol.1, 245–256 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Farber, E., K. H. Shull, S. Villa Trevina, B. Lombardi, andM. Thomas: The biochemical pathology of acute hepatic adenosinetriphosphatase deficiency. Nature (Lond.)203, 34–40 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Feigin, J., andG. Budzilovich: The spongy state: a form due to the agonal or postmortem evolution of gaseous carbon dioxide from glycogen. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)7, 136–148 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Friede, R. L.: The cytochemistry of normal and reactive astrocytes. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.21, 471–478 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, andR. N. De Jong: Neuronal enzymatic failure in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A familial study. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.)10, 181–195 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Farquhar, M. G., S. L. Wissig, andG. E. Palade: Glomerular permeability. I. Ferritin transfer across the normal glomerular capillary wall. J. exp. Med.113, 47–66 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, M. D., andD. Denny-Brown: Subacute progressive encephalopathy with bulbar myoclonus. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.16, 133–136 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomori, G.: Microscopic Histochemistry; Principles and Practice, pp. 273. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonatas, N. K., R. D. Terry, andM. Weiss: Electron microscopic study in two cases of Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.24, 575–598 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • ——,R. Winkler, S. R. Korey, C. J. Gomez, andA. Stern: A case of juvenile lipidosis. The significance of electron microscopic and biochemical observations of a cerebral biopsy. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.22, 557–580 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heidenhain, A.: Klinische und anatomische Untersuchungen über eine eigenartige organische Erkrankung des Zentralnervensystems im Praesenium. Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat.118, 49–114 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakob, A.: Über eigenartige Erkrankungen des Zentralnervensystems mit bemerkenswerten anatomischen Befunden. Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat.64, 147–228 (1921).

    Google Scholar 

  • Karnovsky, M. J.: The localization of cholinesterase activity in rat cardiac muscle by electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol.23, 217–232 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Korey, S. R., R. Katzman, andJ. Orloff: A case of Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease. 2. Analysis of some constituents of the brain of a patient with Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.20, 95–104 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowry, O. H.: Energy metabolism of the nerve cell. In: Nerve as a tissue, pp. 163–174. (K. Kodahl andB. Issekutz, Jr., Eds.) New York: Harper & Row 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumsden, C. E.: Histological and histochemical aspects of normal neuroglia cells. In: Biology of myelin, pp. 141–161. (W. F. Windle, Ed.) Springfield, Ill.: Ch. C. Thomas 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luse, S. A., andB. Harris: Brain ultrastructure in hydration and dehydration. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.)4, 130–152 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Masurovsky, E. B., M. D. Bunge, andR. P. Bunge: Cytological studies of organotypic cultures of rat dorsal root ganglia following x-irradiation in vitro. I. Changes in neurons and satellite cells. J. Cell Biol.32, 467–497 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miquel, J., I. Klatzo, D. B. Menzel, andW. Haymaker: Glycogen changes in x-irradiated brain. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)2, 482–490 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mossakowski, M. J., D. M. Long, R. Myers, andI. Klatzo: The early histochemical and ultrastructural changes in perinatal asphyxia (Abstract). J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.27, 126–127 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nevin, S., W. H. McMenemey, S. Behruman, andD. P. Jones: Subacute spongiform encephalopathy—a subacute form of encephalopathy attributable to vascular dysfunction (spongiform cerebral atrophy). Brain83, 519–564 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Samorajski, T., J. M. Ordy, andJ. R. Keefe: The fine structure of lipofuscin age pigment in the nervous system of aged mice. J. Cell Biol.26, 779–795 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, K., andG. Chen: Chemical studies on Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.25, 396–408 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Torack, R. M.: Ultrastructure and histochemical studies in a case of progressive dementia and its relationship to protein metabolism. Amer. J. Path.49, 77–97 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wachstein, M., andE. Meisel: Histochemistry of hepatic phosphatase at physiologic pH; with special reference to the demonstration of bile canaliculi. Amer. J. clin. Path.27, 13–23 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiener, J., R. G. Lattes, andD. Spiro: The cellular pathology of experimental hypertension. II. Arteriolar hyalinosis and fibrinoid change. Amer. J. Path.47, 457–487 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This work was supported by grant (NB-04161-04) from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness of the National Institutes of Health.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Torack, R.M. Ultrastructural and histochemical studies of cortical biopsies in subacute dementia. Acta Neuropathol 13, 43–55 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00686140

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00686140

Key-Words

Navigation