Abstract
There are three stages of differentiation of voltage dependent Na+ channels during the in vitro development of rat skeletal muscle.
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(i)
Myoblasts which are less than 60 h old in culture have Na+ channels which normally do not give rise to action potentials but do so after treatment of the cells with very low concentrations of sea anemone toxin. These Na+ channels revealed by sea anemone toxin are resistant to TTX.
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(ii)
Myoblasts prior to fusion are electrically excitable (\(\dot V\) max=10 V/s). Electrically activated Na+ channels are only blocked by high concentrations of TTX. Titration of TTX resistant Na+ channels with a tritiated derivative of TTX indicates a dissociation constant of the TTX-Na+ channel complex of 50 nM.
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(iii)
Myotubes have both high and low affinity binding sites for TTX (Frelin et al. 1983). Action potentials (\(\dot V\) max=100−200 V/s) are only inhibited at high concentrations of TTX. Experiments with rat myoballs indicate that only Na+ channels with a low affinity binding site for TTX are functional in voltage-clamp studies. The K0.5 value for TTX inhibition of the peak Na+ current is observed at 70 nM. Spontaneous contractions of myotubes are blocked by TTX with a K0.5 value of 100 nM, suggesting that TTX resistant Na+ channels are also the ones responsible for the spontaneous contractions in rat myotubes in culture.
22Na+ flux studies after activation of the Na+ channel with neurotoxins have been carried out at the different stages of differentiation. Toxin activated Na+ channels have the same high affinity for sea anemone toxins at all stages of development; likewise, the sensitivity for TTX is the same.
The in vitro differentiation of Na+ channels in rat and chick skeletal muscle cells is compared and discussed in relation to the action of neurotrophic influences.
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Abbreviations
- AS2 and AS5 :
-
Anemonia sulcata toxins 2 and 5
- AX1 and AX2 :
-
Anthopleura xanthogrammica toxins 1 and 2
- Aa:
-
Androctonus australis toxin 2
- [3H]en-TTX:
-
tritiated ethylenediamine tetrodotoxin
- TTX:
-
tetrodotoxin
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Frelin, C., Vijverberg, H.P.M., Romey, G. et al. Different functional states of tetrodotoxin sensitive and tetrodotoxin resistant Na+ channels occur during the in vitro development of rat skeletal muscle. Pflugers Arch. 402, 121–128 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00583323
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00583323