Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the role of intermediary metabolism in the maintenance of proton and charge balance in rainbow trout white muscle during exercise. With increasing power outputs, there was a greater reliance on white fibers and anaerobic processes for energy production. Glycogen content declined from a pre-exercise (pre-ex) level of 23 to less than 1 µmol/g following the exhaustive swim, with its greatest rate of decline occurring during the burst swim. Lactate accumulation reached a maximum of 43 µmol/g during the exhaustive swim. PCr declined from about 20 to less than 2 µmol/g at exhaustion with a concomitant accumulation of Cr. ATP decreased from about 7.3 to 2.7 µmol/g while inorganic phosphate and IMP increased to about 56 and 4.3 µmol/g, respectively. The intramuscular pH fell from 6.97 to 6.93 during the sustained swim, declining further to 6.65 during the burst swim and reaching a minimum of 6.56 at exhaustion. Exercise induced depletions of high energy compounds and accumulations of metabolic end products nearly stabilized the accompaning intracellular perturbations in charge and proton levels. Compensatory shifts in Na+, K− and Cl− served to negate the residual imbalances such that electrical neutrality, membrane potential and pH were preserved.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fitts RH, Holloszy JD: Am J Physiol 231: 430–433, 1976
Stevens ED: Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58: 568–570, 1980
Sutton JR, Jones NL, Toews CJ: Clin Sci 61: 331–338, 1981
Johnston IA: Symp Zool Soc Lond 48: 71–113, 1981
Wood CM, Perry SF: Respiratory, circulatory and metabolic adjustments to exercise in fish. In: Circulation, Respiration and Metabolism Current Comperative Approches. R Gilles (ed) Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986, pp. 2–22
Abe H, Dobson GP, Hoeger U, Parkhouse WS: Am J Physiol 249: R449-R454, 1985
Bergmeyer HV. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis. New York: Academic Press, 1974
Black MJ, Jones ME: Anal Bioch 135: 233–238, 1983
Heisler N: Respir Physiol 33: 145–160, 1978
Hochachka PW, Mommsen TP: Science 219: 1391–1398, 1983
Ramsey JA: J Expt Biol 32: 183–199, 1955
Macchia DD, Polimeni PI: Computors Biomed Res 15: 592–597, 1982
Milligan CL, Wood CM: Am J Physiol 248: R668-R673, 1985
Velsco D, Guynn RW, Oskarsson M, RL Veech: J Biol Chem 248: 4811–4819, 1973
Connett RJ: J Biol Chem 260: 3314–3320, 1985
Jackson DC, Heisler N: Resp Physiol 49: 159–174, 1982
Koch A, Webster B, Lowell S: Biophys J 36: 775–796, 1981
Krebs HA, Woods HF, Alberti KG: Essays Med Biochem 1: 81–103, 1975
Parkhouse WS, McKenzie CC, Hochachka PW, Ovalle WK: J Appl Physiol 58: 14–17, 1985
Sahlin K: Acta Physiol Scand (Suppl) 455, 1978
Roos A: Am J Physiol 221: 182–188, 1971
Dawson MJ, Gadian DG, Wilkie DR: J Physiol 267: 703–735, 1977
Malan A, Wilson TL, Reeves RB: Respir Physiol 28: 29–47, 1976
Hochachka PW: J Expt Biol 115: 149–164, 1985
Sembrowich WL, Wang E, Hutchinson TE, Johnson D: Electron microprobe analysis of fatigued fast- and slow-twitch muscle. HJ Knuttgen, JA Vogel and J Poortmans (eds). Biochemistry of Exercise Champaign, IL., Human Kinetics Publ, 1983, pp. 571–576
Herbert CV, Jackson DC: Physiol Zool 58: 655–669, 1985
Sahlin K, Edstrom L, Sjoholm H, Hultman E: Am J Physiol 240: C121-C126, 1981
den Hollander JA, Ugurgil K, Brown TR, Shulman RG: Biochem 20: 5871–5880
Dobson GP, Yamamoto E, Hochachka PW: Am J Physiol 250: R71–R76
Bosca L, Aragon JJ, Sols A: J Biol Chem 260: 2100–2107, 1985
Primmett DRN, Randall DJ, Mazeaud M, Boutilier RG: J Expt Biol 122: 139–148, 1986
Dubinsky WP, Racker E: J Memb Biol 44:25, 1978
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Parkhouse, W.S., Dobson, G.P., Belcastro, A.N. et al. The role of intermediary metabolism in the maintenance of proton and charge balance during exercise. Mol Cell Biochem 77, 37–47 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230149
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00230149